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In der Sommersession wird der Bundesrat dem Parlament eine Vorlage für eine Defizitgarantie zugunsten der Expo.02 beantragen. Das Parlament hat für die Expo.02 bereits zwei Kredite von insgesamt 380 Millionen Franken gesprochen. Bei der Debatte im Parlament im Dezember 1999 betonte der Bundesrat selbst, es sollte keine Defizitgarantie geleistet werden. Keine vier Monate später gilt dies offensichtlich nicht mehr.

Damit wir in Kenntnis der gesamten Engagements des Bundes und der übrigen öffentlichen Hand für die Expo.02 entscheiden können, bitte ich den Bundesrat, folgende Fragen zu beantworten:

1. Gibt es neben den 380 Millionen Franken ein zusätzliches finanzielles Engagement des Bundes (z. B. aus Budgets der Departemente, Bundesämter, ETH oder Forschungsanstalten für Ausstellungsprojekte, Infrastruktur, generelle Dienstleistungen, wie Planungsarbeiten, Bewachungsaufgaben usw.)? Die einzelnen Budgetposten bitte separat aufführen.

2. Sind vom Bund noch weitere Leistungen zugunsten der Expo.02 zu erwarten, z. B. aufgrund noch nicht entschiedener Projektanfragen an einzelne Ämter? Wenn ja, welchen finanziellen Umfang könnten diese Leistungen erreichen?

3. Wie hoch sind die vorgesehenen finanziellen Engagements der Kantone und Gemeinden für die Expo.02 einschliesslich aller hauptsächlich aufgrund der Expo.02 ausgeführten oder geplanten Infrastrukturinvestitionen und Massnahmen, wie z. B. Verkehrslenkung und Sicherheitsaufgaben durch die kantonalen und lokalen Polizeikorps (bitte nach Kantonen und Gemeinden separat ausweisen)?

4. Wie gross muss die Wahrscheinlichkeit nach heutigem Wissensstand eingeschätzt werden, dass die Defizitgarantie teilweise bzw. voll beansprucht wird?

5. Was ist für den \"worst case\" geplant: Das effektive Defizit der Expo.02 überschreitet die Defizitgarantie des Bundes? Muss dann mit einer nachträglichen Defizitdeckung durch den Bund oder die Kantone gerechnet werden?

6. Kann der Bundesrat garantieren, dass nach der allenfalls beschlossenen Defizitgarantie keine weiteren finanziellen Verpflichtungen zulasten der Bundeskasse erfolgen werden?

","affair_title",25462,"20003096_14","Antwort BR / Büro","

Die Vorbereitung, Organisation und Verwirklichung der Expo.02 ist Aufgabe des Vereins Landesausstellung. Das Projekt lässt sich ohne eine erhebliche finanzielle Beteiligung der öffentlichen Hand jedoch nicht verwirklichen. Vonseiten des Bundes hat das Parlament am 10. Dezember 1996 für die Landesausstellung 130 Millionen Franken bewilligt (davon 20 Millionen Franken in Form einer Defizitgarantie). Weitere 250 Millionen Franken sind mit dem Bundesbeschluss vom 16. Dezember 1999 bewilligt worden. Mit der Botschaft vom 23. Februar 2000 beantragt der Bundesrat eine Defizitgarantie von 338 Millionen Franken.

Aufgrund des Konzeptes und der Dimensionen des Vorhabens ergeben sich jedoch zahllose weitere Schnittstellen zwischen der Landesausstellung und der öffentlichen Hand. Es ist unmöglich, alle in irgendeinem Zusammenhang mit der Landesausstellung stehenden Aufwendungen der öffentlichen Hand präzis und vollständig auszuscheiden und zu beziffern.

Bundesrat und Parlament legten von Anfang an zum Beispiel grosses Gewicht auf die Erfüllung klarer Anforderungen bezüglich Umweltschutz, Raumplanung, Verkehr und Energie, die in einem Sachplan konkretisiert worden sind.

Die Erarbeitung dieses Sachplanes etwa oder die in Erfüllung dieser Vorgaben vorgezogenen Beschaffungen für den öffentlichen Verkehr oder die Anpassung anderer Infrastruktureinrichtungen stehen zwar in direktem Zusammenhang mit der Landesausstellung, sind jedoch nicht separat ausgewiesen.

Mit diesem Vorbehalt lassen sich die Fragen wie folgt beantworten:

1. Von dem mit Bundesbeschluss vom 16. Dezember 1999 über einen Zusatzkredit für die Landesausstellung bewilligten 250 Millionen Franken sind 50 Millionen Franken für die bundeseigenen Ausstellungsvorhaben bestimmt. Zur Frage einer zusätzlichen Beteiligung der Ämter an Ausstellungsprojekten ist in der dazugehörenden Botschaft des Bundesrates vom 8. Oktober 1999, Seite 29, folgendes festgehalten: \"Sofern die Bundesämter Ausstellungsprojekte unterstützen, so muss dies im Rahmen ihrer ordentlichen Kredite geschehen.\" Die nachfolgende Aufstellung (Planungsstand Mai 2000) gibt eine Übersicht über das zusätzliche finanzielle Engagement verschiedener Bundesstellen für die Expo.02.

- Bundesamt für Sozialversicherung: Begleitung und Assistenz von Behinderten an der Expo.02; behindertengerechte Bauweise und Transport an der Expo.02; Interessenvertretung der Behinderten an der Expo.02; 600 000 Franken (Leistungsvertrag mit der Organisation Handicap.02; in den IV-Rechnungen 1999 und 2000 sind je 300 000 Franken für diese Projekte eingestellt);

- ETH-Rat/ETH-Bereich: \"La maison des petits robots\", 25 000 Franken (Projekt eruiert durch das Comité de liaison Universités Expo);

- Eidgenössisches Amt für Messwesen (EAM): \"Précision suisse dans l'espace-temps\", Beitrag noch offen (Anteil EAM an Gesamtprojektkosten von 500 000 Franken je nach Sponsoring. Interinstitutionelles Projekt mit fünf Hauptpartnern - öffentliche Institutionen - und fünf bis zehn Partnern aus der Industrie);

- Bundesamt für Sport: \"Sport 02\", Beitrag noch offen (5,5 Millionen Franken finanziert durch den Schweizerischen Olympischen Verband mit Partnern);

- Generalstab: VBS-Dienstleistungen, Einsatz 1999, 230 MT plus 20 430 Franken (die Personalkosten sind in Manntagen, MT, aufgeführt);

- Bundesamt für Landwirtschaft: Expoagricole 02, maximal 12 Millionen Franken (Projekt des Schweizerischen Bauernverbandes und der Agro Marketing Suisse. Die Gesamtkosten sind noch nicht bekannt. Die definitive Beitragsfestlegung erfolgt nach der Festlegung der Gesamtkosten. Beitrag gemäss Art. 12 des Landwirtschaftsgesetzes. Gemäss diesem Artikel werden auch Beiträge für die Präsenz der Schweizer Landwirtschaft an ausländischen und inländischen Messen und Ausstellungen wie beispielsweise Grüne Woche in Berlin, Anuga in Köln, BEA, Olma, Comptoir suisse ausgerichtet);

- Bundesamt für Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft: \"Palais de l'équilibre\", 100 000 Franken per annum (Projektleitungsanteil finanziert durch das UVEK);

- Bundesamt für Strassen: Infrastruktur/N5 Bözingerfeld-Zuchwil (SO), 1 Million Franken (Studie, durchgeführt für die Expo.01; für die Expo.02 nicht mehr verwendbar); Verhalten im Verkehr, 97 000 Franken (Bericht zur \"Koordination der Verkehrsinformation und -lenkung auf dem übergeordneten Strassennetz für die Expo.01, Expo.02\", Expertise).

Bemerkung: Nicht in dieser Aufstellung aufgeführt sind nicht verrechnete Leistungen von verschiedenen Bundesstellen, insbesondere Mitarbeit bei der Leitung von Bundesprojekten sowie personelle Beteiligung an einzelnen Projekten, Beteiligung im Aufsichtsorgan der Expo, Sicherstellung der Finanzaufsicht usw. Im Weiteren sind auch die Kosten für den Erwerbsersatz allfällig mitarbeitender Zivildienstpflichtiger zur Sicherstellung des Betriebes der Bundesprojekte nicht in der Aufstellung enthalten.

2. In der nachfolgenden Aufstellung (Planungsstand Mai 2000) sind zusätzliche zu erwartende Engagements der Bundesstellen für die Expo.02 aufgeführt.

- Bundesamt für Gesundheit (BAG): Präventionsthemen: Stop Aids, \"Alles im Griff\" (Alkohol), Umwelt und Gesundheit sowie Gehörschutz (Strahlenschutz), 100 000 bis maximal 1 Million Franken (das BAG entscheidet bis Ende September 2000, ob es im Rahmen der Expo.02 eine Kampagne führen will; eine Beteiligung wäre möglich mittels Werbemittel, Projektbeitrag oder eigenem Event);

- Bundesamt für Sozialversicherung: Interessenvertretung, Begleitung und Assistenz von nach dem Erreichen des AHV-Alters behindert gewordenen Betagten, Beitrag noch offen (eventuell wird ein Beitrag gestützt auf Art. 101bis AHVG ausgerichtet);

- Météo Suisse-Météo Genève: Expo.02, 550 000 Franken (Investitionen für Wetteralarmstationen in der Nähe der Standorte der Expo.02 sowie im Jura; Präsenz der Météo Suisse vor Ort während der Expo.02);

- Generalstab (VBS Dienstleistungen): Einsätze für die öffentliche Sicherheit, etwa 80 000 MT; Geniearbeiten (Einsätze 2000/01), etwa 9450 MT (die Aufwendungen sind in Manntagen, MT, aufgeführt. In Franken umgerechnet ergibt dies einen Betrag von ungefähr 25 bis 30 Millionen Franken, vgl. Ziff. 9 der Botschaft vom 8. Oktober 1999 über einen Zusatzkredit für die Landesausstellung); Teilnahme der Armee an den Events, Beitrag noch offen;

- Bundesamt für Kommunikation: \"Atelier Zérodeux\", Beitrag noch offen;

- Bundesamt für Strassen: Verkehrsbeeinflussungssystem N1, 2 Millionen Franken (es handelt sich um ein Verkehrsbeeinflussungssystem auf der Nationalstrasse A1, Bern-Rothrist in den Kantonen BE, SO, AG, dessen Notwendigkeit auch ohne Expo.02 besteht. Der Einbauablauf wurde auf die Expo abgestimmt: Mehrkosten von 2 Millionen Franken. Das System soll das Verkehrs-, Staumanagement erleichtern. Die erste Etappe des Systems kostet etwa 15 Millionen Franken); N5 Biel-Bözingerfeld, Anpassung der Verzweigung N5/16, 100 000 Franken; Umsetzung des Konzeptes Koordination Verkehrsinformation und -lenkung und die allfällige Anpassung an die Weiterentwicklung der Expo.02, 110 000 Franken.

3. Das direkte finanzielle Engagement der Kantone und Gemeinden beläuft sich auf folgende Zahlen (Millionen Franken):

- Kantone (organisierend): BE, 14,695; FR, 5,557; VD, 9,887; NE, 9,945; JU, 1,716; Total, 41,800;

- Kantone (nicht organisierend): ZH, 6,351; LU, 1,262; UR, 0,132; SZ, 0,476; OW, 0,106; NW, 0,161; GL, 0,170; ZG, 0,645; SO, 0,889; BS, 1,072; BL, 1,050; SH, 0,311; AR, 0,194; AI, 0,045; SG, 1,671; GR, 0,735; AG, 2,167; TG, 0,810; TI, 1,104; VS, 0,913; GE, 1,936; Total, 22,200;

- Gemeinden (organisierend): Biel, 8; Murten, 2,8; Yverdon-les-Bains, 4,8; Neuenburg, 5,2;

- Total Kantone: 64 Millionen Franken;

- Total Gemeinden: 20,8 Millionen Franken.

Darüber hinaus treten verschiedene Kantone als Aussteller an der Expo.02 auf. Hierzu sind für die vier Projekte: \"Vivre les frontières\", \"Aua Extrema\", \"Espace Mittelland\" und \"Kids.Expo\" insgesamt 30 Millionen Franken veranschlagt, wobei sich die organisierenden Kantone mit 7,8 Millionen Franken und die nicht organisierenden Kantone mit 22,2 Millionen Franken beteiligen.

Zudem organisieren die Kantone so genannte Kantonaltage, deren Präsentationskosten von diesen selbst getragen werden. Es bestehen aber noch keine genauen Angaben über diese Kosten.

Was die Infrastrukturinvestitionen anbelangt, liegen ebenfalls noch keine genauen und verlässlichen Zahlen vor, da der überwiegende Teil der Investitionen entweder zeitlich vorgezogen oder gegen andere vorgesehene Investitionen abgetauscht wurde.

Bezüglich Verkehrsleitung und Sicherheitsausgaben ist mit zusätzlichen Ausgaben von brutto 18 Millionen Franken hauptsächlich in den Standortkantonen zu rechnen, welche von diesen auch getragen werden müssen.

4.-6. Der Bundesrat beantragt dem Parlament eine Defizitgarantie für die Landesausstellung, weil der Verein Landesausstellung über kein Eigenkapital verfügt und das Budget für die Expo.02 keine Reserven aufweist. Es wäre betriebswirtschaftlich unverantwortlich, ein Projekt von der Grösse und Komplexität der Landesausstellung ohne jegliche Absicherung gegen neue Risiken oder unerwartete Ereignisse verwirklichen zu wollen. Die Höhe der beantragten Defizitgarantie fusst auf Risikountersuchungen bei allen Budgetposten.

Ob die Defizitgarantie beansprucht werden muss, hängt unter diesen Umständen insbesondere davon ab, wie vollständig, realistisch und stabil das Budget der Expo ist und ob es der verantwortlichen Führung des Vereins Landesausstellung gelingt, das Projekt in diesem Rahmen zu verwirklichen, sowie vom allfälligen Eintritt unvorhersehbarer Ereignisse.

Der Bundesrat setzt Vertrauen in das Steuerungskomitee des Vereins Landesausstellung, dessen erklärtes Ziel es ist, die Landesausstellung im Rahmen des Budgets Expo.02 zu realisieren, ohne die Defizitgarantie in Anspruch zu nehmen.

Dazu ist ein umfassendes Controlling erforderlich, in welches auch das Parlament einbezogen ist, hat doch der Verein Landesausstellung der Finanzdelegation der eidgenössischen Räte und der Eidgenössischen Finanzkontrolle in periodischen Berichten den Stand der Geschäftsentwicklung und die Finanzlage darzulegen.

Weil der Bundesrat davon ausgeht, dass das Steuerungskomitee alles daran setzt, die Expo.02 mit einem Kostendach von rund 1,4 Milliarden Franken erfolgreich und ohne weiteres finanzielles Engagement der öffentlichen Hand zu realisieren, ist hier bloss der Vollständigkeit halber auf die Ausführungen im Abschnitt 522.22 \"Folgen für den Bund\" der Botschaft vom 8. Oktober 1999 über einen Zusatzkredit für die Landesausstellung hinzuweisen: \"Für Schulden des Vereins haften die Vereinsmitglieder nur bis zum Betrag der von ihnen dem Verein gegenüber eingegangenen Verpflichtungen .... Während die Situation in Bezug auf die rechtliche Verantwortung eindeutig ist, bedarf die politische Verantwortung der Eidgenossenschaft allenfalls einer nuancierteren Betrachtung. Es steht trotz der privatrechtlichen Organisationsstruktur der Expo.01 ausser Zweifel, dass die Landesausstellung wesentlich von der Eidgenossenschaft initiiert worden ist.\"

Antwort des Bundesrates.",25461,"20003096_1","Titel des 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Widen the range.","loyalty_chart_alt","Beeswarm plot of the dissent rate of {count} members, one dot per member, coloured by party. {ctx}","loyalty_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their votes, dissents and dissent rate. {ctx}","loyalty_col_member","loyalty_col_party","loyalty_col_group","loyalty_col_ballots","loyalty_col_dissents","Against","loyalty_col_rate","Dissent","loyalty_from","loyalty_to","loyalty_scale","Scale","loyalty_scale_log","Log","loyalty_scale_linear","Linear","loyalty_filters","Filters","cohesion_title","Group cohesion","cohesion_hint","mean Agreement Index (1 = unanimous)","section_alignment","Voting alignment","no_alignment","Not enough shared votes to compare.","view_all_alignment","View full alignment","alignment_agreed_of_shared","agreed on {agreed} of {shared} shared votes","sort_agreement","Agreement","sort_shared","Shared votes","facet_min_shared","Min. shared","min_shared_10","≥ 10","min_shared_20","≥ 20","min_shared_50","≥ 50","min_shared_100","≥ 100","section_body_alignment","body_alignment_subtitle","How members of this chamber vote relative to one another, from the votes they have in common. In the map, members who vote alike sit close together and opponents far apart. Colours are parties, so blocs and coalitions show up as clusters. The grid gives the average agreement between each pair of parties (the diagonal is each party's own internal cohesion).","alignment_from","alignment_to","alignment_view","View","alignment_view_scatter","Map","alignment_view_heatmap","Party grid","alignment_empty","Not enough votes in this window to build the model.","alignment_window_note","Most meaningful within a single legislative period: the model compares members from the votes they have in common. If the window spans an election or a change in composition, members with different terms barely overlap and positions become less comparable.","alignment_no_parties","No party groups to compare in this window.","alignment_scatter_alt","Scatter plot of {count} members placed by how similarly they voted, coloured by party. {ctx}","alignment_pairs","pairs","alignment_heatmap_note","Each cell is the average agreement between members of the two parties (diagonal = a party's internal cohesion). ± is the 95% confidence range and n the number of member-pairs behind it. A small range over many pairs means the alignment is well-established; a wide range means it's only suggestive.","alignment_heatmap_alt","Grid of the average voting agreement between {count} parties. {ctx}","alignment_members_heading","Members","alignment_members_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their agreement with the chamber and with their own party. {ctx}","alignment_col_member","alignment_col_party","alignment_col_votes","alignment_col_chamber","Aligns with chamber","alignment_col_party_align","Within party","alignment_zoom_in","Zoom in","alignment_zoom_out","Zoom out","alignment_zoom_reset","Reset zoom","alignment_filters","section_lobby","Lobby network","lobby_subtitle","The organizations members of this chamber declare in their register of interests, and where those ties overlap. In the network, members are dots (coloured by party) and organizations shared by two or more members are squares. Members who share the same organizations pull together. The breakdown shows how many mandates are paid versus unpaid, and who holds the most.","lobby_empty","No declared interests for this chamber in this window.","lobby_no_shared","No organizations are shared by two or more members here. See the breakdown.","lobby_network_alt","Network graph of {members} members and the {orgs} organizations they share, linked by declared interests. {ctx}","lobby_mandates","mandates","lobby_members_tied","members","lobby_unknown","Unknown","lobby_org_node","Organization","lobby_payment_heading","Paid vs unpaid mandates","lobby_top_orgs","Most-shared organizations","lobby_top_members","Members by mandates","discussion_title","Speech profiles","discussion_intro","Where members sit on a latent axis derived purely from the words they use in their speeches (Wordfish scaling).","discussion_calculating","Scaling speeches…","lobby_calculating","Computing lobby network…","discussion_error","The speech scaling could not be computed.","discussion_converged","Model converged","discussion_not_converged","Model did not fully converge. Read positions with extra caution.","discussion_members_scored","Members scored","discussion_vocab","Vocabulary","discussion_window","Window","discussion_show_all","discussion_show_reliable","Reliable only","discussion_methodology","How this is computed","discussion_range_label","Time range","discussion_range_1y","1 year","discussion_range_2y","2 years","discussion_range_4y","4 years","discussion_range_8y","8 years","discussion_plot_alt","Beeswarm plot of {count} members placed along a word-choice axis, one dot per member. {ctx}","discussion_plot_caption","Each dot is one member, placed by the words they use in their speeches. Members who reach for the same distinctive words sit close together; members who talk very differently sit far apart. So a member's spot isn't assigned by us; it comes out of how they actually speak. For example, someone who keeps saying “tax”, “budget” and “spending” lands far from someone who mostly says “asylum”, “border” and “integration”. Hover any dot for its details. Filled dots have enough speech to place reliably; hollow rings spoke too little, so read their position with caution.","discussion_empty","No speeches are available for this parliament, so its members can't be placed on the axis. This scaling reads the words members actually speak, and the data set only holds speech transcripts for a few parliaments: the federal chambers and a handful of cantons such as Bern, Basel-Stadt or St. Gallen. You can also try a longer time range above.","discussion_empty_sparse","There is too little speech transcript text for this parliament to place its members on the axis. Try a longer time range above.","discussion_pole_a","One pole","discussion_pole_b","Other pole","discussion_col_party","discussion_key_filled","Enough text (reliable)","discussion_key_ring","Below the word floor (low confidence)","discussion_align_title","Does the axis track party?","discussion_align_hint","How much of the spread in positions is explained by party membership (η²): 100% = parties are perfectly separated, ~0% = party tells you nothing.","discussion_align_strong","parties are clearly separated","discussion_align_moderate","parties are partly separated","discussion_align_weak","party barely explains the axis","discussion_poles_title","What the axis is made of","discussion_poles_hint","The words that most pull members towards each pole. The axis only means something once you read these. Its direction is arbitrary.","discussion_no_party","No party","discussion_col_name","discussion_col_position","Position","discussion_col_words","Words","discussion_col_speeches","discussion_low_confidence","low confidence","discussion_table_title","discussion_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their position on the word-choice axis. {ctx}","discussion_read_title","How to read this","discussion_read_direction","The axis direction is arbitrary: Wordfish finds the split, not which side is “left” or “right”. Read the word poles to see what each side means.","discussion_read_uncertainty","Positions are standardized, so the spread is a convention, not a real distance. Wider error bars (and hollow dots) mean less certainty, so don't over-read those members.","discussion_read_confound","Speech style reflects role as much as ideology: committee chairs, ministers and frequent speakers can land at a pole because of what they do, not only what they believe.","organizations_title","organizations_none","No organizations.","org_members","org_mandates","org_bodies","org_members_heading","org_members_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their party, body, role, payment and period. {ctx}","org_no_members","No members.","org_col_member","org_col_party","org_col_body","org_col_role","org_col_payment","Payment","org_col_period","sort_members","sort_mandates","Mandates","interest_unknown","lobby_panel_person","Declared organizations","lobby_panel_org","Members with this mandate","lobby_table_heading","Who is tied to what","lobby_table_explain","The full matrix marks every member against every shared organization: one dot per declared tie, the exhaustive view of who is tied to what.","lobby_table_large","For this chamber that is","lobby_table_cells","cells","lobby_table_show","Show table","lobby_table_alt","Table marking each of {count} members against the {orgs} organizations they are tied to, one dot per declared tie. {ctx}","lobby_select_hint","Select a member or organization to see its ties.","lobby_filters","lobby_error","The lobby network could not be computed.","lobby_clear_selection","Clear selection","close","not_found_person","Person not found","not_found_body","Parliament not found","not_found_affair","Affair not found","not_found_group","Committee or group not found","not_found_voting","Voting not found","not_found_meeting","Meeting not found","not_found_interest","Interest not found","not_found_organization","Organization not found","not_found_text","Text not found","not_found_doc","Document not found","not_found_speech","Speech not found","not_found_hint","There is no entry with the ID {id}. It may have been removed, or the link may be outdated.","not_found_back","Back to the overview","about","About","faq","FAQ","section_title","section_title_bodies","section_title_affairs","section_title_votings","section_title_texts","section_title_docs","section_subtitle_search","section_subtitle_discussion",{"_1592":1593,"_1609":775,"_1610":1611,"_1612":1613,"_1614":962,"_1293":535,"_1267":335,"_108":539,"_1615":542,"_1598":345,"_1616":1617,"_1618":746,"_1400":295,"_105":305,"_1595":447,"_110":315,"_19":545,"_112":325,"_1619":1072,"_1620":1206,"_1621":1242,"_1622":1206,"_1623":1624,"_1625":1206,"_1626":1627,"_1628":535,"_1629":714,"_1630":1206,"_1631":1613,"_1632":539,"_1599":414,"_1633":1634,"_1205":1206,"_1635":652,"_1218":1206,"_103":550,"_1636":1428,"_1637":1285,"_1638":1323,"_1639":1617,"_1640":1412,"_1600":355,"_1641":1404,"_1642":1206},"section_switcher",{"_1590":1591,"_1592":1593,"_1594":295,"_101":491,"_105":305,"_1595":447,"_1596":381,"_1267":335,"_112":325,"_1597":315,"_1598":345,"_1599":414,"_1600":355,"_1601":1602,"_1603":1604,"_1605":1606,"_1607":1608},"section_title_speeches","section_title_groups","section_title_interests","section_title_meetings","section_title_organizations","label_section","Section","home","Home","people","affairs","groups","documents","interests","meetings","organizations","group_parliament","Actors","group_proceedings","Proceedings","group_records","Records","group_lobbying","Lobbying","search","eyebrow","Data on {{name}}","overview","Overview","personal_data","memberships","access_badges","Lobby","images","texts_overview","text_details","docs_overview","doc_details","votings_overview","Voting","voting_details","voting_diagram","Diagram","voting_tally","speeches_overview","speech_details","groups_overview","contributions","interests_overview","Interest","meetings_overview","vocabulary","loyalty","alignment","lobby","discussion","organizations_overview","org_details",{"_1700":1701,"_1702":1703,"_1644":1704,"_246":1705},"intro",{"_1646":1647,"_1648":1649,"_1650":1651,"_1652":1653,"_1654":1655,"_1656":1657,"_1658":1659},"en",{"_1660":1695,"_1662":1696,"_1664":1697,"_1666":1698,"_1668":1699},"de",{"_1660":1690,"_1662":1691,"_1664":1692,"_1666":1693,"_1668":1694},"fr",{"_1660":1685,"_1662":1686,"_1664":1687,"_1666":1688,"_1668":1689},"it",{"_1660":1680,"_1662":1681,"_1664":1682,"_1666":1683,"_1668":1684},"es",{"_1660":1675,"_1662":1676,"_1664":1677,"_1666":1678,"_1668":1679},"pt",{"_1660":1670,"_1662":1671,"_1664":1672,"_1666":1673,"_1668":1674},"rm",{"_1660":1661,"_1662":1663,"_1664":1665,"_1666":1667,"_1668":1669},"cookie","Nus duvrain mo cookies essenzials e funcziunals. Nagina analitica, nagin tracking.","dataLang","La Svizra ha quatter linguas naziunalas, e questas datas datti en pliras da quellas. Intgins records èn plurilings, auters mo en ina lingua. Vus pudais tscherner en tge lingua ch'il cuntegn vegn mussà; sche vossa tscherna n'è betg disponibla per in record, vegnan duvradas las autras linguas en in urden da prioritad fix. Quai è independent da la lingua da l'interfatscha. As lascha reglar sut Configuraziuns › Lingua dal cuntegn (sura a dretga).","alt","Questa pagina è era disponibla per rumantsch.","switch","Mussar per rumantsch","dismiss","Betg pli mussar","Utilizamos apenas cookies essenciais e funcionais. Sem análises, sem rastreio.","A Suíça tem quatro línguas nacionais, e estes dados existem em várias delas. Alguns registos estão em várias línguas, outros apenas numa. Pode escolher em que idioma os conteúdos são apresentados; quando a sua escolha não está disponível para um registo, as restantes línguas são usadas por uma ordem de prioridade fixa. Isto é independente do idioma da interface. Configure em Definições › Idioma dos conteúdos (canto superior direito).","Esta página também está disponível em português.","Ver em português","Não mostrar novamente","Solo utilizamos cookies esenciales y funcionales. Sin análisis, sin seguimiento.","Suiza tiene cuatro lenguas nacionales, y estos datos existen en varias de ellas. Algunos registros están en varias lenguas, otros en una sola. Puede elegir en qué idioma se muestra el contenido; cuando su elección no está disponible para un registro, se utilizan las demás lenguas en un orden de prioridad fijo. Esto es independiente del idioma de la interfaz. 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Certaines entrées sont en plusieurs langues, d'autres dans une seule. Vous pouvez choisir la langue d'affichage du contenu ; si votre choix n'est pas disponible pour une entrée, les autres langues sont utilisées selon un ordre de priorité défini. Ceci est indépendant de la langue de l'interface. Réglable dans Paramètres › Langue du contenu (en haut à droite).","Cette page est aussi disponible en français.","Voir en français","Ne plus afficher","Wir verwenden nur essenzielle, funktionale Cookies. Keine Analyse, kein Tracking.","Die Schweiz hat vier Landessprachen, und diese Daten liegen in mehreren davon vor. Manche Einträge sind mehrsprachig, andere nur in einer Sprache. Sie können wählen, in welcher Sprache die Inhalte angezeigt werden; ist Ihre Wahl für einen Eintrag nicht verfügbar, werden die übrigen Sprachen in einer festen Prioritätsreihenfolge verwendet. Dies ist unabhängig von der Oberflächensprache. Einstellbar unter Einstellungen › Inhaltssprache (oben rechts).","Diese Seite ist auch auf Deutsch verfügbar.","Auf Deutsch anzeigen","Nicht mehr anzeigen","We use only essential, functional cookies. No analytics, no tracking.","Switzerland has four national languages, and this data comes in several of them. Some records are in multiple languages, some in only one. You can choose which language the content is shown in; when your choice isn't available for a record, the remaining languages are used in a set priority order. This is independent of the interface language. Set it under Settings › Content language (top right).","This page is also available in English.","View in English","Don't show again","settings",{"_1768":1769,"_1770":1771,"_1772":1127,"_1773":1774,"_1775":1129,"_1776":1131,"_1777":1778,"_1779":1780,"_1781":1782,"_1783":1784,"_1785":1786,"_600":601,"_1787":1788,"_1789":1790,"_1791":1792,"_1793":1794,"_1795":1796},"nav",{"_1592":1714,"_1715":1716,"_1717":650,"_1718":1719,"_1720":1721,"_1601":1602,"_1603":1604,"_1605":1606,"_1607":1608,"_1594":295,"_101":491,"_1596":381,"_1595":447,"_105":305,"_1599":414,"_1267":335,"_112":325,"_1597":315,"_1598":345,"_1600":355,"_1722":1707,"_1723":1724,"_1570":1571,"_1725":1726,"_1572":1573,"_1727":1728,"_1729":1730,"_1731":1732,"_1733":1734,"_1735":1736,"_1737":1738,"_1739":1740,"_1741":1742,"_1743":1744,"_1745":1746,"_1747":1748,"_1749":1750,"_1751":1752,"_1753":1754,"_1755":1756,"_1757":1758,"_1759":1760,"_1761":1711,"_1762":1763,"_1764":1765,"_1766":1767},{"_1660":1695,"_1662":1696,"_1664":1697,"_1666":1698,"_1668":1699},{"_1706":1707,"_1708":1709,"_1710":1711,"_1712":1713},"project.title","Project","project.desc","About parlhub: what the portal is, answers to common questions, and how the data fits together.","experiments.title","Experiments","experiments.desc","Experimental analyses and methodology showcases on parlhub, including the Wordfish scaling of parliaments from their speeches.","parlhub home","skip_to_content","Skip to main content","explore","start","Start here","start_desc","Quicklinks to chambers, cantons and communes","project","project_desc","The project at a glance","about_desc","What parlhub is and who is behind it","faq_desc","Answers to common questions","sustainability","Sustainability","sustainability_desc","How parlhub is hosted and what it costs the planet","accessibility","Accessibility","accessibility_desc","What works, what doesn't, and how to report a barrier","traffic_stats","Traffic statistics","traffic_stats_desc","Which parts of the site get requested, and by whom","imprint","Imprint","imprint_desc","Who runs parlhub, contact, and the licenses","github","GitHub","github_desc","The project's source code on GitHub","data_guide","Data guide","data_guide_desc","Every kind of data, in plain terms, with examples","data_map","Data map","data_map_desc","How the data fits together, at a glance","methodology","Methodology","methodology_desc","How each figure is calculated, with links to the code","experiments","experiments_desc","Experimental analyses and methodology write-ups","wordfish","Wordfish scaling","wordfish_desc","Placing members on an axis by the words in their speeches","menu_label","Settings","appearance","Appearance","theme","theme_system","System","theme_light","theme_dark","font_size","Font size","font_size_decrease","Decrease font size","font_size_increase","Increase font size","high_contrast","High contrast","grayscale","Grayscale","interface_language","Interface","content_language","Content language","content_language_auto","Auto (follow interface)","content_language_note","Language of the displayed data (names, titles, texts). Independent of the interface; when a record isn't available, the next language is used.","content_language_priority","Priority",{"_1772":1798,"_1777":1799,"_1800":68,"_1801":54,"_1802":54,"_1803":68,"_1804":-5},"system",100,"show_cookie_consent_message","ui_high_contrast","ui_grayscale","msg_lang_hint","content_lang"]