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À la suite des événements tragiques du 1er janvier 2026, il ne nous paraît plus opportun de célébrer le passage à l'année 2027 avec des engins pyrotechniques. Le traumatisme laissé par cette catastrophe impose une réflexion profonde sur les pratiques festives que nous souhaitons encourager, dans le respect de la mémoire des victimes et de la sécurité collective.

Par ailleurs, au-delà du risque immédiat pour la vie humaine, les feux d'artifice ont un impact environnemental considérable. Ils génèrent une pollution atmosphérique importante, libérant dans l'air des substances nocives, ainsi que des déchets souvent difficiles à éliminer. Dans un contexte où la lutte contre le changement climatique et la protection de notre cadre de vie sont plus que jamais des priorités, il est essentiel de repenser notre rapport à ces pratiques festives.

En ce sens nous souhaitons que la Ville envisage l'interdiction des feux d'artifice privés. Cette mesure permettrait non seulement de garantir la sécurité de toutes et tous, ainsi que de la faune domestique et sauvage, mais aussi de renforcer notre engagement écologique local.

Nous sollicitons donc la position du Conseil municipal sur ce point.

Dans l'attente de votre retour, nous vous remercions de votre attention et de votre engagement pour la sécurité et le bien-être de notre population.

Fabien Robyr

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1. Autorisations de vente, législation fédérale

La délivrance d'autorisation de vente d'engins pyrotechniques est réglée au niveau fédéral par la Loi sur les explosifs (LPex), qui prévoit ce qui suit :

Art. 10 Autorisation de vendre sur territoire suisse

Quiconque, en Suisse, fait le commerce de matières explosives ou d'engins pyrotechniques doit avoir une autorisation. Le Conseil fédéral fixe le régime applicable à la délivrance, au retrait et à l'expiration des autorisations. Il peut dispenser du régime de l'autorisation certains produits ou groupes de produits, pour autant que la sécurité soit garantie par d'autres moyens.
L'autorisation est délivrée par le canton où le requérant a son siège commercial; s'il a des succursales dans plusieurs cantons, ceux-ci se concerteront au préalable.
L'autorisation de vendre est valable dans toute la Suisse. Pour le commerce de détail des engins pyrotechniques de divertissement, elle l'est uniquement dans le canton qui l'a délivrée.
L'autorisation n'est accordée qu'aux entreprises dignes de confiance et aux personnes de bonne réputation qui ont les connaissances techniques nécessaires et qui disposent des entrepôts prescrits.
La fourniture de matières explosives ou d'engins pyrotechniques par l'armée, les administrations militaires fédérales et cantonales ou leurs entreprises à des offices civils ou à des particuliers se fait en accord avec l'office central.

2. Législation cantonale

Au niveau valaisan, ce thème est traité dans l'ordonnance d'exécution de la loi fédérale et l'ordonnance sur les substances explosives de la façon suivante :

Art. 3 Autorités compétentes

Le chef du département est compétent pour :
- a) répartir les points de vente autorisés par l'autorité fédérale;
- b) accorder l'autorisation de vendre des matières explosibles, des engins pyrotechniques servant à des fins professionnelles ou de divertissement (catégories F2 à F4 au sens de l'annexe 1 de l'OExpl), ainsi que de la poudre de guerre à l'état foisonné;
- c) révoquer les autorisations accordées lorsque les conditions de leur octroi ne sont plus réalisées;
- d) retirer définitivement ou temporairement l'autorisation de vendre des matières explosives et des engins pyrotechniques, à l'exclusion de ceux qui sont destinés au divertissement;
- e) prendre les décisions prévues à l'article 35 LFE;
- f) prendre toute autre mesure qui n'est pas confiée à une autre autorité.
Par décision rendue publique, le chef du département peut déléguer au commandant de la police cantonale la compétence d'accorder l'autorisation de vendre des matières explosives, des engins pyrotechniques servant à des fins professionnelles ou de divertissement (catégories F2 à F4 au sens de l'annexe 1 de l'OExpl), ainsi que de la poudre de guerre à l'état foisonné.

Art. 4 Points de vente - Critère de répartition

La répartition des points de vente sur le territoire cantonal s'effectue en fonction des demandes, des besoins régionaux et des conditions de sécurité.

Art. 5 Autorisations de vente

Les autorisations ne peuvent être accordées qu'à des requérants bénéficiant de l'exercice des droits civils et dignes de confiance, possédant suffisamment d'expérience et de connaissances juridiques et techniques dans le domaine des explosifs et des engins pyrotechniques, et qui disposent des entrepôts prescrits.

Art. 6 Demande d'autorisation

Les personnes qui désirent obtenir une autorisation pour vendre des matières explosives ou des engins pyrotechniques servant à des fins professionnelles en font la demande au département.
La requête doit être établie sur une formule spéciale établie par le département et contenir les pièces et renseignements nécessaires, notamment :
- a) un extrait du casier judiciaire;
- b) une attestation de domicile ou un extrait du registre du commerce certifié conforme attestant du siège commercial;
- c) un certificat de bonnes mœurs concernant le requérant et émanant de l'autorité du lieu de son domicile civil;
- d) une déclaration de solvabilité émanant de l'office des poursuites et faillites du lieu de domicile civil du requérant;
- e) des références concernant ses connaissances professionnelles, juridiques et techniques en matière d'explosifs;
- f) un plan de situation, un plan de construction des installations et locaux servant à l'entreposage et à la vente des substances explosibles.

Art. 7 Examen des plans

Le service examine les plans de construction, d'agrandissement ou de transformation des bâtiments des entreprises dans lesquels il est prévu d'entreposer des matières explosives ou des engins pyrotechniques.
Il communique sa décision d'approbation ou de désapprobation au département, afin que ce dernier puisse se déterminer sur la demande d'autorisation.

Art. 8 Vente des engins pyrotechniques de divertissement - Autorisation

La vente au détail des pièces d'artifice des catégories F2 et F3 est soumise à autorisation du département ou d'un organe ou service qu'il aura désigné.
Ne peuvent bénéficier d'une autorisation que les entreprises inscrites au registre du commerce ou les personnes domiciliées en Suisse, jouissant de l'exercice des droits civils ainsi que d'une bonne réputation, et qui disposent de locaux d'entreposage résistant au feu et d'un responsable expérimenté dans le maniement des substances explosibles, informé des prescriptions légales en la matière et capable de prendre immédiatement les mesures de sécurité qui s'imposent en cas d'explosion ou d'incendie.

Art. 9 Limitation - Interdiction

Lorsque les circonstances l'exigent, le Conseil d'Etat pourra limiter le commerce de détail des engins pyrotechniques de divertissement à des occasions déterminées, voire interdire la vente de certaines pièces d'artifice sur tout ou partie du territoire cantonal.

3. Projet de nouveau règlement de police de la PRVC

Cette thématique est également prise en considération dans le projet de nouveau règlement de police de la PRVC ; l'article prévu repose sur la formulation proposée par l'Etat du Valais dans son règlement-type :

Art. 38 Feux d'artifice

Conformément à la législation sur les substances explosibles, la demande d'autorisation de mise à feu est à adresser à l'Autorité qui requerra l'autorisation nécessaire auprès de la police cantonale.
La vente au détail des engins pyrotechniques de divertissement est soumise à autorisation du département cantonal en charge de la sécurité ou d'un organe ou service qu'il aura désigné.
Pour les feux d'artifices non soumis à la législation fédérale ou cantonale, il ne peut être fait usage de pièces d'artifice que dans des circonstances autorisées par le Conseil municipal, sur préavis du commandant du feu, et dans les lieux, emplacements et heures désignés par lui.

Il convient ici de préciser que l'Autorité au sens du règlement de police de la Ville de Sierre est le Conseil municipal.

4. En pratique

Dans la pratique, on peut signaler que les utilisations non autorisées d'engins pyrotechniques ont fait l'objet de plusieurs interventions de la PRVC, avec identification des auteurs et saisies de matériel, voire dénonciation au Tribunal de police.

5. Conclusion

On constate donc que les demandes d'autorisation de mise à feu sont du ressort de la police cantonale. En ce qui concerne la vente des engins pyrotechniques, l'autorisation est délivrée par le département cantonal en charge de la sécurité.

Pour ce qui est des feux d'artifices non soumis à la législation fédérale ou cantonale, c'est le Conseil municipal qui est l'autorité de décision, sur préavis du commandant du feu. L'exécutif communal se base sur les législations concernées lors du traitement des dossiers et les demandes d'autorisation sont examinées au cas par cas ; l'exécutif communal tient compte de la portée environnementale ainsi que du respect de la faune domestique et sauvage lors de son processus de décision.

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options","sort_begin_date","Start","sort_end_date","End","sort_name","Name","facet_all","All","facet_yes","facet_no","facet_payment","Compensation","facet_body","facet_date_from","From","facet_date_to","To","sort_voting_date","Date","sort_voting_title","Title","facet_vote","Vote","vote_yes","vote_no","vote_abstention","Abstention","sort_date_start","Speech date","sort_date_end","End date","facet_has_video","With video","sort_begin","sort_end","sort_group_name","sort_active","facet_type","Type","facet_active","facet_party","facet_group","facet_gender","facet_chamber","Chamber","chamber_both","Both","facet_deceased","Deceased","sort_firstname","First name","people_title","no_people","No people found.","controls_per_page","Per page","facet_country","Country","facet_electoral_district","country_che","Switzerland","country_lie","Liechtenstein","also_active_in","controls_search_placeholder_people","Search people…","controls_search_placeholder_alignment","Search members…","controls_search_placeholder_memberships","Search memberships…","controls_search_placeholder_interests","Search interests…","controls_search_placeholder_organizations","Search organizations…","controls_search_placeholder_votes","Search votes…","controls_search_placeholder_access_badges","Search access badges…","controls_search_placeholder_contributors","Search contributions…","controls_search_placeholder_speeches","Search speeches…","controls_search_hint_people","Searches names, place and postcode.","controls_search_hint_groups","Searches name, abbreviation and description.","controls_search_placeholder_groups","Search committees & groups…","controls_search_hint_organizations","Searches the organization name.","controls_search_hint_agendas","Searches title, description, number and category.","controls_search_placeholder_agendas","Search agenda items…","controls_search_hint_alignment","Searches the name of the compared member.","controls_search_hint_memberships","Searches group/body name, function and membership type.","controls_search_hint_interests","Searches organisation name, function and parliamentary group.","controls_search_hint_votes","Searches the voting title and the affair title.","controls_search_hint_access_badges","Searches guests' name and organisation.","controls_search_hint_contributors","Searches the affair title.","controls_search_hint_speeches","Searches the speech text.","controls_sort_status","Sorted by {field}, {direction}","sort_affair_date","Affair date","sort_role","Role","sort_affair_type","Affair type","sort_affair_number","Affair number","sort_valid_from","Valid from","sort_valid_to","Valid until","sort_version","facet_latest","Latest","gender_f","Female","gender_m","Male","gender_d","Diverse","lang_de","German","lang_fr","French","lang_it","Italian","lang_rm","Romansh","lang_en","English","lang_es","Spanish","bodies_title","affairs_title","no_bodies","No institutions found.","facet_has_parliament","With parliament","sort_canton","Canton","sort_position","Order","sort_population","Population","controls_search_placeholder_bodies","Search institutions…","controls_search_hint_bodies","Searches name, canton and key.","body_population","Residents","body_seats","Seats","controls_no_results","No matches for your search.","controls_filter_search","controls_loading","Loading results…","body_section_profile","Profile","body_has_parliament","Has parliament","body_languages","Languages","body_seats_legislative","Seats (legislative)","body_executive","Executive","body_seats_executive","Seats (executive)","body_consultations","Consultations","body_elections_votings","Elections & votings","body_flag","Flag","body_key_label","Body key","body_source_lang","Source language","body_people_directory_title","All people of this institution","body_composition_title","Current composition","body_chambers_title","Chambers","body_votings_title","no_votings","No recorded votings.","controls_search_placeholder_votings","Search votings…","controls_search_hint_votings","body_affairs_title","no_affairs","No recorded affairs.","affair_untitled","Untitled affair","affair_long_title","Full title","affair_number","Number","affair_official_record","affair_external_id","External ID","affair_agenda_section","Agenda items","controls_search_placeholder_affairs","Search affairs…","controls_search_hint_affairs","Searches affair title and affair number.","sort_affair_title","facet_state","State","view_all_votings","View all votings","view_all_affairs","View all affairs","external_link","External link","docs_title","docs_loading","Searching documents…","section_docs","no_docs","No documents.","view_all_docs","View all documents","controls_search_placeholder_docs","Search documents…","controls_search_hint_docs","Searches name and category.","facet_category","Category","facet_format","Format","facet_lang","facet_case","Case sensitive","facet_word","Whole word","facet_match_on","facet_match_off","section_events","no_events","No recorded events.","view_all_events","View full timeline","controls_search_placeholder_events","Search events…","controls_search_hint_events","Searches title, actor and details.","facet_actor_type","Actor type","event_untitled","Event","texts_title","texts_loading","Searching texts…","section_texts","no_texts","No texts.","view_all_texts","View all texts","controls_search_placeholder_texts","Search texts…","controls_search_hint_texts","Searches type and body text.","sort_type","text_untitled","Text","facet_position_country","facet_position_canton","facet_position_city","City","facet_position_commune","Commune","facet_position_other","Other","votings_title","voting_result_section","voting_decision","Decision","voting_meaning_yes","A yes means","voting_meaning_no","A no means","voting_affair","voting_chart_title","How they voted","voting_chart_alt","Seat map of {count} members, coloured by {mode}. {summary}","voting_table_alt","Table of how {count} members voted, one row per member, with their party and parliamentary group.","chart_export","chart_export_title","Export chart","chart_export_failed","Export failed.","chart_exporting","Exporting…","chart_download","Download","chart_close","chart_fullscreen","Fullscreen","chart_title","chart_title_ph","Optional title","chart_subtitle","Subtitle","chart_subtitle_ph","Optional subtitle","chart_colors","Colours & labels","chart_color_for","Colour for","chart_label_for","Label for","chart_reset","chart_order","chart_output","Output","chart_format","chart_theme","Theme","chart_theme_light","Light","chart_theme_dark","Dark","chart_size","Size","chart_options","Options","chart_show_legend","Show legend","chart_transparent","Transparent background","chart_interactive","Interactive","chart_credits","Credit","voting_chart_no_votes","No votes recorded.","voting_chart_seats","seats","voting_chart_no_seatmap","No seat data available.","voting_chart_col_person","Person","voting_chart_col_party","voting_chart_col_group","voting_chart_col_vote","voting_chart_by_party","Vote by party","voting_chart_by_party_seats","Seats by party","voting_chart_colour_by","Colour seats by","voting_chart_majority","Majority","voting_chart_edit","Edit & export","voting_chart_seat_note","Seat positions are illustrative, not the real chamber layout. Open the editor to rearrange the colours, labels and order, and export.","speeches_title","speeches_loading","Searching speeches…","speech_person","Speaker","speech_body","Institution","speech_affair","speech_meeting","groups_title","no_groups","No groups found.","group_untitled","Untitled group","section_meetings","no_meetings","No recorded meetings.","view_all_meetings","View all meetings","meetings_title","meeting_untitled","meeting_upcoming","Upcoming","facet_time","When","facet_upcoming","facet_past","Past","group_abbreviation","Abbreviation","group_description","Description","group_official_record","Official page","group_contact","member_unknown","section_votings","interests_title","interest_details","Details","interest_person","Declared by","interest_body","Granting body","interest_role","interest_type","interest_group","interest_place","Place","interest_period","Period","meeting_details","meeting_type","meeting_state","meeting_number","meeting_location","Location","meeting_period","meeting_group","meeting_body","group_type","description","controls_search_placeholder_meetings","Search meetings …","controls_search_hint_meetings","Name, location or description","section_agendas","no_agendas","No agenda items.","view_all_agendas","View all agenda items","agenda_untitled","speech_speaker_unknown","video","doc_untitled","Document","doc_body","doc_affair","doc_meeting","doc_agenda","section_contributors","Contributors","no_contributors","No contributors.","view_all_contributors","View all contributors","sort_number","topics_title","Most-used words","topics_intro","The words this person uses most across their speeches, with common filler words removed. Tile size shows how often a word is used.","topics_all_time","All time","topics_last_4y","Last 4 years","topics_last_8y","Last 8 years","topics_from","topics_to","topics_speeches","speeches","topics_words","words (filtered)","topics_distinct","distinct words","topics_uses","uses","topics_alt","Treemap of the {count} most-used words, sized by how often each is used. {ctx}","topics_table_alt","Table of the {count} most-used words and how often each is used. {ctx}","topics_table_toggle","Show as table","topics_table_word","Word","topics_empty","No speeches with usable text in this period. Try widening the range.","loyalty_title","Party loyalty","loyalty_subtitle","Share of a member's votes cast against their group's majority line (higher = more independent). Abstentions count as a position.","loyalty_axis","Dissent rate: share of votes against own group","loyalty_dissent","dissent","loyalty_ballots","votes","loyalty_empty","No votes in this period meet the thresholds for a loyalty score. Widen the range.","loyalty_chart_alt","Beeswarm plot of the dissent rate of {count} members, one dot per member, coloured by party. {ctx}","loyalty_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their votes, dissents and dissent rate. {ctx}","loyalty_col_member","loyalty_col_party","loyalty_col_group","loyalty_col_ballots","loyalty_col_dissents","Against","loyalty_col_rate","Dissent","loyalty_from","loyalty_to","loyalty_scale","Scale","loyalty_scale_log","Log","loyalty_scale_linear","Linear","loyalty_filters","Filters","cohesion_title","Group cohesion","cohesion_hint","mean Agreement Index (1 = unanimous)","section_alignment","Voting alignment","no_alignment","Not enough shared votes to compare.","view_all_alignment","View full alignment","alignment_agreed_of_shared","agreed on {agreed} of {shared} shared votes","sort_agreement","Agreement","sort_shared","Shared votes","facet_min_shared","Min. shared","min_shared_10","≥ 10","min_shared_20","≥ 20","min_shared_50","≥ 50","min_shared_100","≥ 100","section_body_alignment","body_alignment_subtitle","How members of this chamber vote relative to one another, from the votes they have in common. In the map, members who vote alike sit close together and opponents far apart. Colours are parties, so blocs and coalitions show up as clusters. The grid gives the average agreement between each pair of parties (the diagonal is each party's own internal cohesion).","alignment_from","alignment_to","alignment_view","View","alignment_view_scatter","Map","alignment_view_heatmap","Party grid","alignment_empty","Not enough votes in this window to build the model.","alignment_window_note","Most meaningful within a single legislative period: the model compares members from the votes they have in common. If the window spans an election or a change in composition, members with different terms barely overlap and positions become less comparable.","alignment_no_parties","No party groups to compare in this window.","alignment_scatter_alt","Scatter plot of {count} members placed by how similarly they voted, coloured by party. {ctx}","alignment_pairs","pairs","alignment_heatmap_note","Each cell is the average agreement between members of the two parties (diagonal = a party's internal cohesion). ± is the 95% confidence range and n the number of member-pairs behind it. A small range over many pairs means the alignment is well-established; a wide range means it's only suggestive.","alignment_heatmap_alt","Grid of the average voting agreement between {count} parties. {ctx}","alignment_members_heading","Members","alignment_members_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their agreement with the chamber and with their own party. {ctx}","alignment_col_member","alignment_col_party","alignment_col_votes","alignment_col_chamber","Aligns with chamber","alignment_col_party_align","Within party","alignment_zoom_in","Zoom in","alignment_zoom_out","Zoom out","alignment_zoom_reset","Reset zoom","alignment_filters","section_lobby","Lobby network","lobby_subtitle","The organizations members of this chamber declare in their register of interests, and where those ties overlap. In the network, members are dots (coloured by party) and organizations shared by two or more members are squares. Members who share the same organizations pull together. The breakdown shows how many mandates are paid versus unpaid, and who holds the most.","lobby_empty","No declared interests for this chamber in this window.","lobby_no_shared","No organizations are shared by two or more members here. See the breakdown.","lobby_network_alt","Network graph of {members} members and the {orgs} organizations they share, linked by declared interests. {ctx}","lobby_mandates","mandates","lobby_members_tied","members","lobby_unknown","Unknown","lobby_org_node","Organization","lobby_payment_heading","Paid vs unpaid mandates","lobby_top_orgs","Most-shared organizations","lobby_top_members","Members by mandates","discussion_title","Speech profiles","discussion_intro","Where members sit on a latent axis derived purely from the words they use in their speeches (Wordfish scaling).","discussion_calculating","Scaling speeches…","lobby_calculating","Computing lobby network…","discussion_error","The speech scaling could not be computed.","discussion_converged","Model converged","discussion_not_converged","Model did not fully converge. Read positions with extra caution.","discussion_members_scored","Members scored","discussion_vocab","Vocabulary","discussion_window","Window","discussion_show_all","discussion_show_reliable","Reliable only","discussion_methodology","How this is computed","discussion_range_label","Time range","discussion_range_1y","1 year","discussion_range_2y","2 years","discussion_range_4y","4 years","discussion_range_8y","8 years","discussion_plot_alt","Beeswarm plot of {count} members placed along a word-choice axis, one dot per member. {ctx}","discussion_plot_caption","Each dot is one member, placed by the words they use in their speeches. Members who reach for the same distinctive words sit close together; members who talk very differently sit far apart. So a member's spot isn't assigned by us; it comes out of how they actually speak. For example, someone who keeps saying “tax”, “budget” and “spending” lands far from someone who mostly says “asylum”, “border” and “integration”. Hover any dot for its details. Filled dots have enough speech to place reliably; hollow rings spoke too little, so read their position with caution.","discussion_empty","No speeches are available for this parliament, so its members can't be placed on the axis. This scaling reads the words members actually speak, and the data set only holds speech transcripts for a few parliaments: the federal chambers and a handful of cantons such as Bern, Basel-Stadt or St. Gallen. You can also try a longer time range above.","discussion_empty_sparse","There is too little speech transcript text for this parliament to place its members on the axis. Try a longer time range above.","discussion_pole_a","One pole","discussion_pole_b","Other pole","discussion_col_party","discussion_key_filled","Enough text (reliable)","discussion_key_ring","Below the word floor (low confidence)","discussion_align_title","Does the axis track party?","discussion_align_hint","How much of the spread in positions is explained by party membership (η²): 100% = parties are perfectly separated, ~0% = party tells you nothing.","discussion_align_strong","parties are clearly separated","discussion_align_moderate","parties are partly separated","discussion_align_weak","party barely explains the axis","discussion_poles_title","What the axis is made of","discussion_poles_hint","The words that most pull members towards each pole. The axis only means something once you read these. Its direction is arbitrary.","discussion_no_party","No party","discussion_col_name","discussion_col_position","Position","discussion_col_words","Words","discussion_col_speeches","discussion_low_confidence","low confidence","discussion_table_title","discussion_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their position on the word-choice axis. {ctx}","discussion_read_title","How to read this","discussion_read_direction","The axis direction is arbitrary: Wordfish finds the split, not which side is “left” or “right”. Read the word poles to see what each side means.","discussion_read_uncertainty","Positions are standardized, so the spread is a convention, not a real distance. Wider error bars (and hollow dots) mean less certainty, so don't over-read those members.","discussion_read_confound","Speech style reflects role as much as ideology: committee chairs, ministers and frequent speakers can land at a pole because of what they do, not only what they believe.","organizations_title","organizations_none","No organizations.","org_members","org_mandates","org_bodies","org_members_heading","org_members_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their party, body, role, payment and period. {ctx}","org_no_members","No members.","org_col_member","org_col_party","org_col_body","org_col_role","org_col_payment","Payment","org_col_period","sort_members","sort_mandates","Mandates","interest_unknown","lobby_panel_person","Declared organizations","lobby_panel_org","Members with this mandate","lobby_table_heading","Who is tied to what","lobby_table_explain","The full matrix marks every member against every shared organization: one dot per declared tie, the exhaustive view of who is tied to what.","lobby_table_large","For this chamber that is","lobby_table_cells","cells","lobby_table_show","Show table","lobby_table_alt","Table marking each of {count} members against the {orgs} organizations they are tied to, one dot per declared tie. {ctx}","lobby_select_hint","Select a member or organization to see its ties.","lobby_filters","lobby_error","The lobby network could not be computed.","lobby_clear_selection","Clear selection","close","not_found_person","Person not found","not_found_body","Parliament not found","not_found_affair","Affair not found","not_found_group","Committee or group not found","not_found_voting","Voting not found","not_found_meeting","Meeting not found","not_found_interest","Interest not found","not_found_organization","Organization not found","not_found_text","Text not found","not_found_doc","Document not found","not_found_speech","Speech not found","not_found_hint","There is no entry with the ID {id}. It may have been removed, or the link may be outdated.","not_found_back","Back to the overview","about","About","faq","FAQ","section_title","section_title_bodies","section_title_affairs","section_title_votings","section_title_texts","section_title_docs","section_subtitle_search","section_subtitle_discussion",{"_1570":1571,"_1587":753,"_1588":1589,"_1590":1591,"_1592":940,"_1271":514,"_1245":314,"_101":518,"_1593":521,"_1576":324,"_1594":1595,"_1596":724,"_1378":274,"_97":284,"_1573":426,"_19":294,"_99":524,"_104":304,"_1597":1050,"_1598":1184,"_1599":1220,"_1600":1184,"_1601":1602,"_1603":1184,"_1604":1605,"_1606":514,"_1607":692,"_1608":1184,"_1609":1591,"_1610":518,"_1577":393,"_1611":1612,"_1183":1184,"_1613":630,"_1196":1184,"_95":529,"_1614":1406,"_1615":1263,"_1616":1301,"_1617":1595,"_1618":1390,"_1578":334,"_1619":1382,"_1620":1184},"section_switcher",{"_1568":1569,"_1570":1571,"_1572":274,"_93":470,"_97":284,"_1573":426,"_1574":360,"_1245":314,"_104":304,"_1575":294,"_1576":324,"_1577":393,"_1578":334,"_1579":1580,"_1581":1582,"_1583":1584,"_1585":1586},"section_title_speeches","section_title_groups","section_title_interests","section_title_meetings","section_title_organizations","label_section","Section","home","Home","people","affairs","groups","documents","interests","meetings","organizations","group_parliament","Actors","group_proceedings","Proceedings","group_records","Records","group_lobbying","Lobbying","search","eyebrow","Data on {{name}}","overview","Overview","personal_data","memberships","access_badges","Lobby","images","texts_overview","text_details","docs_overview","doc_details","votings_overview","Voting","voting_details","voting_diagram","Diagram","voting_tally","speeches_overview","speech_details","groups_overview","contributions","interests_overview","Interest","meetings_overview","vocabulary","loyalty","alignment","lobby","discussion","organizations_overview","org_details",{"_1677":1678,"_1679":1680,"_1622":1681,"_225":1682},"intro",{"_1624":1625,"_1626":1627,"_53":1628,"_1629":1630,"_1631":1632,"_1633":1634,"_1635":1636},"en",{"_1637":1672,"_1639":1673,"_1641":1674,"_1643":1675,"_1645":1676},"de",{"_1637":1667,"_1639":1668,"_1641":1669,"_1643":1670,"_1645":1671},{"_1637":1662,"_1639":1663,"_1641":1664,"_1643":1665,"_1645":1666},"it",{"_1637":1657,"_1639":1658,"_1641":1659,"_1643":1660,"_1645":1661},"es",{"_1637":1652,"_1639":1653,"_1641":1654,"_1643":1655,"_1645":1656},"pt",{"_1637":1647,"_1639":1648,"_1641":1649,"_1643":1650,"_1645":1651},"rm",{"_1637":1638,"_1639":1640,"_1641":1642,"_1643":1644,"_1645":1646},"cookie","Nus duvrain mo cookies essenzials e funcziunals. Nagina analitica, nagin tracking.","dataLang","La Svizra ha quatter linguas naziunalas, e questas datas datti en pliras da quellas. Intgins records èn plurilings, auters mo en ina lingua. Vus pudais tscherner en tge lingua ch'il cuntegn vegn mussà; sche vossa tscherna n'è betg disponibla per in record, vegnan duvradas las autras linguas en in urden da prioritad fix. Quai è independent da la lingua da l'interfatscha. As lascha reglar sut Configuraziuns › Lingua dal cuntegn (sura a dretga).","alt","Questa pagina è era disponibla per rumantsch.","switch","Mussar per rumantsch","dismiss","Betg pli mussar","Utilizamos apenas cookies essenciais e funcionais. Sem análises, sem rastreio.","A Suíça tem quatro línguas nacionais, e estes dados existem em várias delas. Alguns registos estão em várias línguas, outros apenas numa. Pode escolher em que idioma os conteúdos são apresentados; quando a sua escolha não está disponível para um registo, as restantes línguas são usadas por uma ordem de prioridade fixa. Isto é independente do idioma da interface. Configure em Definições › Idioma dos conteúdos (canto superior direito).","Esta página também está disponível em português.","Ver em português","Não mostrar novamente","Solo utilizamos cookies esenciales y funcionales. Sin análisis, sin seguimiento.","Suiza tiene cuatro lenguas nacionales, y estos datos existen en varias de ellas. Algunos registros están en varias lenguas, otros en una sola. Puede elegir en qué idioma se muestra el contenido; cuando su elección no está disponible para un registro, se utilizan las demás lenguas en un orden de prioridad fijo. Esto es independiente del idioma de la interfaz. Configúrelo en Ajustes › Idioma del contenido (arriba a la derecha).","Esta página también está disponible en español.","Ver en español","No volver a mostrar","Utilizziamo solo cookie essenziali e funzionali. Nessuna analisi, nessun tracciamento.","La Svizzera ha quattro lingue nazionali e questi dati esistono in diverse di esse. Alcune voci sono in più lingue, altre in una sola. Puoi scegliere in quale lingua mostrare i contenuti; se la tua scelta non è disponibile per una voce, vengono usate le altre lingue secondo un ordine di priorità prestabilito. Questo è indipendente dalla lingua dell'interfaccia. Impostabile in Impostazioni › Lingua del contenuto (in alto a destra).","Questa pagina è disponibile anche in italiano.","Vedi in italiano","Non mostrare più","Nous utilisons uniquement des cookies essentiels et fonctionnels. Aucune analyse, aucun suivi.","La Suisse a quatre langues nationales, et ces données existent dans plusieurs d'entre elles. Certaines entrées sont en plusieurs langues, d'autres dans une seule. Vous pouvez choisir la langue d'affichage du contenu ; si votre choix n'est pas disponible pour une entrée, les autres langues sont utilisées selon un ordre de priorité défini. Ceci est indépendant de la langue de l'interface. Réglable dans Paramètres › Langue du contenu (en haut à droite).","Cette page est aussi disponible en français.","Voir en français","Ne plus afficher","Wir verwenden nur essenzielle, funktionale Cookies. Keine Analyse, kein Tracking.","Die Schweiz hat vier Landessprachen, und diese Daten liegen in mehreren davon vor. Manche Einträge sind mehrsprachig, andere nur in einer Sprache. Sie können wählen, in welcher Sprache die Inhalte angezeigt werden; ist Ihre Wahl für einen Eintrag nicht verfügbar, werden die übrigen Sprachen in einer festen Prioritätsreihenfolge verwendet. Dies ist unabhängig von der Oberflächensprache. Einstellbar unter Einstellungen › Inhaltssprache (oben rechts).","Diese Seite ist auch auf Deutsch verfügbar.","Auf Deutsch anzeigen","Nicht mehr anzeigen","We use only essential, functional cookies. No analytics, no tracking.","Switzerland has four national languages, and this data comes in several of them. Some records are in multiple languages, some in only one. You can choose which language the content is shown in; when your choice isn't available for a record, the remaining languages are used in a set priority order. This is independent of the interface language. Set it under Settings › Content language (top right).","This page is also available in English.","View in English","Don't show again","settings",{"_1745":1746,"_1747":1748,"_1749":1105,"_1750":1751,"_1752":1107,"_1753":1109,"_1754":1755,"_1756":1757,"_1758":1759,"_1760":1761,"_1762":1763,"_52":579,"_1764":1765,"_1766":1767,"_1768":1769,"_1770":1771,"_1772":1773},"nav",{"_1570":1691,"_1692":1693,"_1694":628,"_1695":1696,"_1697":1698,"_1579":1580,"_1581":1582,"_1583":1584,"_1585":1586,"_1572":274,"_93":470,"_1574":360,"_1573":426,"_97":284,"_1577":393,"_1245":314,"_104":304,"_1575":294,"_1576":324,"_1578":334,"_1699":1684,"_1700":1701,"_1548":1549,"_1702":1703,"_1550":1551,"_1704":1705,"_1706":1707,"_1708":1709,"_1710":1711,"_1712":1713,"_1714":1715,"_1716":1717,"_1718":1719,"_1720":1721,"_1722":1723,"_1724":1725,"_1726":1727,"_1728":1729,"_1730":1731,"_1732":1733,"_1734":1735,"_1736":1737,"_1738":1688,"_1739":1740,"_1741":1742,"_1743":1744},{"_1637":1672,"_1639":1673,"_1641":1674,"_1643":1675,"_1645":1676},{"_1683":1684,"_1685":1686,"_1687":1688,"_1689":1690},"project.title","Project","project.desc","About parlhub: what the portal is, answers to common questions, and how the data fits together.","experiments.title","Experiments","experiments.desc","Experimental analyses and methodology showcases on parlhub, including the Wordfish scaling of parliaments from their speeches.","parlhub home","skip_to_content","Skip to main content","explore","start","Start here","start_desc","Quicklinks to chambers, cantons and communes","project","project_desc","The project at a glance","about_desc","What parlhub is and who is behind it","faq_desc","Answers to common questions","sustainability","Sustainability","sustainability_desc","How parlhub is hosted and what it costs the planet","accessibility","Accessibility","accessibility_desc","What works, what doesn't, and how to report a barrier","traffic_stats","Traffic statistics","traffic_stats_desc","Which parts of the site get requested, and by whom","imprint","Imprint","imprint_desc","Who runs parlhub, contact, and the licenses","github","GitHub","github_desc","The project's source code on GitHub","data_guide","Data guide","data_guide_desc","Every kind of data, in plain terms, with examples","data_map","Data map","data_map_desc","How the data fits together, at a glance","methodology","Methodology","methodology_desc","How each figure is calculated, with links to the code","experiments","experiments_desc","Experimental analyses and methodology write-ups","wordfish","Wordfish scaling","wordfish_desc","Placing members on an axis by the words in their speeches","menu_label","Settings","appearance","Appearance","theme","theme_system","System","theme_light","theme_dark","font_size","Font size","font_size_decrease","Decrease font size","font_size_increase","Increase font size","high_contrast","High contrast","grayscale","Grayscale","interface_language","Interface","content_language","Content language","content_language_auto","Auto (follow interface)","content_language_note","Language of the displayed data (names, titles, texts). 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