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Das sogenannte \"Frontex-Referendum\" ist zustande gekommen. In der Öffentlichkeit werden unterschiedliche Aussagen zu den möglichen Konsequenzen der anstehenden Volksabstimmung gemacht. Darum braucht es eine dringliche Klarstellung:

- Welche unmittelbaren Konsequenzen drohen der Schweiz bei einer Ablehnung der Vorlage?

- Inwiefern würde sich eine Annahme des Referendums auf unsere Beziehungen zur Europäischen Union auswirken?

- Hätte ein Nein zur Frontex-Vorlage Konsequenzen für die Sicherheit bzw. im Migrationsbereich in der Schweiz?

- Welche Vorteile bringt uns (und Europa) Frontex im Kontext des aktuellen Ukraine-Krieges?

","affair_title",166285,"20221003_14","Antwort BR / Büro","

1. Würde die Frontex-Vorlage in der Referendumsabstimmung abgelehnt, so würde die Schweiz erstmals eine Schengen-Weiterentwicklung nicht übernehmen. Das Schengen-Assoziierungsabkommen (SAA) sieht für einen solchen Fall vor, dass die Schengener Zusammenarbeit mit der Schweiz gesamthaft beendet wird, sofern der Gemischte Ausschuss innerhalb von 90 Tagen nicht etwas anderes beschliesst (sog. Beendigungsverfahren). Mit der Beendigung des SAA würde auch das Dublin-Assoziierungsabkommen automatisch beendet.

Im Gemischten Ausschuss sind die Schweiz, die EU-Kommission und alle Mitgliedstaaten der EU vertreten. Der Entscheid, die Zusammenarbeit fortzusetzen, müsste einstimmig gefasst werden. Im Gemischten Ausschuss wäre die Schweiz somit auf das Entgegenkommen der EU und all ihrer Mitgliedstaaten angewiesen, um ihre Schengen/Dublin-Assoziierung zu bewahren. Käme innert der genannten Frist keine gemeinsame Lösung zur Fortsetzung der Zusammenarbeit zustande, würde das SAA nach Ablauf von weiteren drei Monaten automatisch beendet, ohne dass dafür ein formeller Beschluss oder eine Kündigung notwendig wäre.

2. Mit der Beendigung dieser Abkommen würde ein tragender und stabiler Pfeiler des bilateralen Weges wegbrechen. Damit würde die Position der Schweiz gegenüber der EU geschwächt und der Gestaltungsspielraum würde auch in allen anderen offenen Fragen betreffend die Beziehungen Schweiz-EU (Assoziierung an die EU-Programme, Sicherung des Binnenmarktzugangs, institutionelle Fragen etc.) empfindlich eingeschränkt.

3. Die negativen Folgen eines Wegfalls der Beteiligung der Schweiz an Schengen/Dublin sind vielfältig und können hier nicht alle dargestellt werden. Im Sicherheitsbereich wiegt vor allem schwer, dass die EU-Datenbanken, allen voran das Schengener-Informationssystem (SIS), nicht mehr genutzt werden könnten. Die Schweiz könnte weder eigene Fahndungen im SIS ausschreiben noch hätte sie Zugang zu den SIS-Fahndungen der anderen Schengen-Staaten. Derzeit hat die Schweiz über eine Million Personen- und Sachfahndungen im SIS gespeichert und kann auf über 90 Millionen Fahndungen der anderen Schengen-Staaten zugreifen. Die Schweizer Sicherheitsbehörden erzielen alle 20 bis 30 Minuten einen Treffer bei Abfragen im SIS. Der schnelle und effiziente Informationsaustausch mit den anderen Schengen-Staaten könnte nicht fortgeführt werden, da keine valable Alternative zu diesen Systemen existiert. Durch den grossen Informationsverlust würden die Kriminalitätsbekämpfung und die innere Sicherheit in der Schweiz empfindlich geschwächt.

Auch im Migrationsbereich wären die negativen Folgen gravierend. So überstellt die Schweiz heute dank der Dublin-Zusammenarbeit deutlich mehr Personen in andere Staaten, als sie selbst übernimmt, was zu Einsparungen im tieferen bis mittleren dreistelligen Millionenbereich führt (durchschnittlich 270 Mio. Franken pro Jahr im Zeitraum 2012-2016; vgl. Bericht des Bundesrates v. 1. Februar 2018 in Erfüllung des Po. 15.3896 der sozialdemokratischen Fraktion). Ohne diese Zusammenarbeit könnten Migrantinnen und Migranten, die bereits ein Asylgesuch in Europa gestellt haben, in der Schweiz nochmals Asyl beantragen. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass damit die Anzahl Asylgesuche in der Schweiz stark ansteigen würde, was mit erheblichen Folgekosten verbunden wäre. Dies würde sich auch auf den Rückkehrbereich auswirken: Die Zahl der ausreisepflichtigen Personen würde entsprechend zunehmen und diese Personen würden voraussichtlich auch länger in der Schweiz bleiben, etwa weil eine Beteiligung an EU-Sammelflügen von Frontex ausgeschlossen wäre. Es wäre mit entsprechenden Mehrkosten zulasten von Bund, Kantonen und Gemeinden zu rechnen. Weiter würde der Tourismusstandort geschwächt: Ein Ausschluss der Schweiz aus Schengen würde für viele europareisende Touristinnen und Touristen bedeuten, dass diese für den Besuch in der Schweiz zusätzlich zum Schengen-Visum ein Schweizer Visum beantragen müssten. Dieser Zusatzaufwand würde wahrscheinlich dazu führen, dass weniger Reisende die Schweiz besuchen. Schliesslich wäre die Reisefreiheit aus der Schweiz in die EU betroffen: Die Landesgrenzen würden zu Schengen-Aussengrenzen, die von unseren Nachbarstaaten systematisch kontrolliert werden müssten und die nur noch an besetzten Grenzübergangsstellen überschritten werden dürften. Mit Blick auf das hohe Grenzübertrittsvolumen (täglich rund über 2 Mio. Personen und über 1 Mio. Fahrzeuge) würde dies zu langen Wartezeiten beim Grenzübertritt führen und das Funktionieren der grenzüberschreitenden Wirtschafts- und Lebensräume, wie wir sie heute kennen, beeinträchtigen. Personen, die nicht von der Personenfreizügigkeit profitieren, würden noch stärker eingeschränkt. Sie würden künftig im neuen Ein- und Ausreisesystem der EU (EES) erfasst und müssten - je nach Staatsangehörigkeit - neu entweder über ein Schengen-Visum oder eine ETIAS-Reisegenehmigung (Europäisches Reiseinformations- und Genehmigungs-System) verfügen, um in den Schengen-Raum zu reisen oder diesen zu transitieren.

4. Frontex überwacht die Situation an der Aussengrenze zur Ukraine rund um die Uhr und stellt entsprechende Lagebilder und -analysen zur Verfügung. Diese Informationen fliessen in die nationalen Lagebeurteilungen ein und unterstützen dadurch eine möglichst frühzeitige und optimale Ausrichtung der nationalen Planung, auch in der Schweiz. Auf Anfrage unterstützt Frontex die Schengen-Staaten an der Grenze zur Ukraine innert weniger Tage bei der Bewältigung der ankommenden Flüchtlingsströme zudem mit Personal und technischer Ausrüstung, wie beispielsweise Fahrzeugen. Das Personal unterstützt die nationalen Grenzschutzbehörden sowohl bei der Grenzkontrolle (z. B. Identifizierung und Registrierung) wie auch bei der Grenzüberwachung (z.B. Satellitenbilder und Luftüberwachung). Aktuell unterstützt Frontex die nationalen Grenzschutzbehörden an der Grenze zur Ukraine mit mehr als 250 Expertinnen und Experten.

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word","facet_match_on","facet_match_off","section_events","no_events","No recorded events.","view_all_events","View full timeline","controls_search_placeholder_events","Search events…","controls_search_hint_events","Searches title, actor and details.","facet_actor_type","Actor type","event_untitled","Event","texts_title","texts_loading","Searching texts…","section_texts","no_texts","No texts.","view_all_texts","View all texts","controls_search_placeholder_texts","Search texts…","controls_search_hint_texts","Searches type and body text.","sort_type","text_untitled","Text","facet_position_country","facet_position_canton","facet_position_city","City","facet_position_commune","Commune","facet_position_other","Other","votings_title","voting_result_section","voting_decision","Decision","voting_meaning_yes","A yes means","voting_meaning_no","A no means","voting_affair","voting_chart_title","How they voted","voting_chart_alt","Seat map of {count} members, coloured by {mode}. {summary}","voting_table_alt","Table of how {count} members voted, one row per member, with their party and parliamentary group.","chart_export","chart_export_title","Export chart","chart_export_failed","Export failed.","chart_exporting","Exporting…","chart_download","Download","chart_close","chart_fullscreen","Fullscreen","chart_title","chart_title_ph","Optional title","chart_subtitle","Subtitle","chart_subtitle_ph","Optional subtitle","chart_colors","Colours & labels","chart_color_for","Colour for","chart_label_for","Label for","chart_reset","chart_order","chart_output","Output","chart_format","chart_theme","Theme","chart_theme_light","Light","chart_theme_dark","Dark","chart_size","Size","chart_options","Options","chart_show_legend","Show legend","chart_transparent","Transparent background","chart_interactive","Interactive","chart_credits","Credit","voting_chart_no_votes","No votes recorded.","voting_chart_seats","seats","voting_chart_no_seatmap","No seat data available.","voting_chart_col_person","Person","voting_chart_col_party","voting_chart_col_group","voting_chart_col_vote","voting_chart_by_party","Vote by party","voting_chart_by_party_seats","Seats by party","voting_chart_colour_by","Colour seats by","voting_chart_majority","Majority","voting_chart_edit","Edit & export","voting_chart_seat_note","Seat positions are illustrative, not the real chamber layout. Open the editor to rearrange the colours, labels and order, and export.","speeches_title","speeches_loading","Searching speeches…","speech_person","Speaker","speech_body","Institution","speech_affair","speech_meeting","groups_title","no_groups","No groups found.","group_untitled","Untitled group","section_meetings","no_meetings","No recorded meetings.","view_all_meetings","View all meetings","meetings_title","meeting_untitled","meeting_upcoming","Upcoming","facet_time","When","facet_upcoming","facet_past","Past","group_abbreviation","Abbreviation","group_description","Description","group_official_record","Official page","group_contact","member_unknown","section_votings","interests_title","interest_details","Details","interest_person","Declared by","interest_body","Granting body","interest_role","interest_type","interest_group","interest_place","Place","interest_period","Period","meeting_details","meeting_type","meeting_state","meeting_number","meeting_location","Location","meeting_period","meeting_group","meeting_body","group_type","description","controls_search_placeholder_meetings","Search meetings …","controls_search_hint_meetings","Name, location or description","section_agendas","no_agendas","No agenda items.","view_all_agendas","View all agenda items","agenda_untitled","speech_speaker_unknown","video","doc_untitled","Document","doc_body","doc_affair","doc_meeting","doc_agenda","section_contributors","Contributors","no_contributors","No contributors.","view_all_contributors","View all contributors","sort_number","topics_title","Most-used words","topics_intro","The words this person uses most across their speeches, with common filler words removed. Tile size shows how often a word is used.","topics_all_time","All time","topics_last_4y","Last 4 years","topics_last_8y","Last 8 years","topics_from","topics_to","topics_speeches","speeches","topics_words","words (filtered)","topics_distinct","distinct words","topics_uses","uses","topics_alt","Treemap of the {count} most-used words, sized by how often each is used. {ctx}","topics_table_alt","Table of the {count} most-used words and how often each is used. {ctx}","topics_table_toggle","Show as table","topics_table_word","Word","topics_empty","No speeches with usable text in this period. Try widening the range.","loyalty_title","Party loyalty","loyalty_subtitle","Share of a member's votes cast against their group's majority line (higher = more independent). Abstentions count as a position.","loyalty_axis","Dissent rate: share of votes against own group","loyalty_dissent","dissent","loyalty_ballots","votes","loyalty_empty","No votes in this period meet the thresholds for a loyalty score. Widen the range.","loyalty_chart_alt","Beeswarm plot of the dissent rate of {count} members, one dot per member, coloured by party. {ctx}","loyalty_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their votes, dissents and dissent rate. {ctx}","loyalty_col_member","loyalty_col_party","loyalty_col_group","loyalty_col_ballots","loyalty_col_dissents","Against","loyalty_col_rate","Dissent","loyalty_from","loyalty_to","loyalty_scale","Scale","loyalty_scale_log","Log","loyalty_scale_linear","Linear","loyalty_filters","Filters","cohesion_title","Group cohesion","cohesion_hint","mean Agreement Index (1 = unanimous)","section_alignment","Voting alignment","no_alignment","Not enough shared votes to compare.","view_all_alignment","View full alignment","alignment_agreed_of_shared","agreed on {agreed} of {shared} shared votes","sort_agreement","Agreement","sort_shared","Shared votes","facet_min_shared","Min. shared","min_shared_10","≥ 10","min_shared_20","≥ 20","min_shared_50","≥ 50","min_shared_100","≥ 100","section_body_alignment","body_alignment_subtitle","How members of this chamber vote relative to one another, from the votes they have in common. In the map, members who vote alike sit close together and opponents far apart. Colours are parties, so blocs and coalitions show up as clusters. The grid gives the average agreement between each pair of parties (the diagonal is each party's own internal cohesion).","alignment_from","alignment_to","alignment_view","View","alignment_view_scatter","Map","alignment_view_heatmap","Party grid","alignment_empty","Not enough votes in this window to build the model.","alignment_window_note","Most meaningful within a single legislative period: the model compares members from the votes they have in common. If the window spans an election or a change in composition, members with different terms barely overlap and positions become less comparable.","alignment_no_parties","No party groups to compare in this window.","alignment_scatter_alt","Scatter plot of {count} members placed by how similarly they voted, coloured by party. {ctx}","alignment_pairs","pairs","alignment_heatmap_note","Each cell is the average agreement between members of the two parties (diagonal = a party's internal cohesion). ± is the 95% confidence range and n the number of member-pairs behind it. A small range over many pairs means the alignment is well-established; a wide range means it's only suggestive.","alignment_heatmap_alt","Grid of the average voting agreement between {count} parties. {ctx}","alignment_members_heading","Members","alignment_members_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their agreement with the chamber and with their own party. {ctx}","alignment_col_member","alignment_col_party","alignment_col_votes","alignment_col_chamber","Aligns with chamber","alignment_col_party_align","Within party","alignment_zoom_in","Zoom in","alignment_zoom_out","Zoom out","alignment_zoom_reset","Reset zoom","alignment_filters","section_lobby","Lobby network","lobby_subtitle","The organizations members of this chamber declare in their register of interests, and where those ties overlap. In the network, members are dots (coloured by party) and organizations shared by two or more members are squares. Members who share the same organizations pull together. The breakdown shows how many mandates are paid versus unpaid, and who holds the most.","lobby_empty","No declared interests for this chamber in this window.","lobby_no_shared","No organizations are shared by two or more members here. See the breakdown.","lobby_network_alt","Network graph of {members} members and the {orgs} organizations they share, linked by declared interests. {ctx}","lobby_mandates","mandates","lobby_members_tied","members","lobby_unknown","Unknown","lobby_org_node","Organization","lobby_payment_heading","Paid vs unpaid mandates","lobby_top_orgs","Most-shared organizations","lobby_top_members","Members by mandates","discussion_title","Speech profiles","discussion_intro","Where members sit on a latent axis derived purely from the words they use in their speeches (Wordfish scaling).","discussion_calculating","Scaling speeches…","lobby_calculating","Computing lobby network…","discussion_error","The speech scaling could not be computed.","discussion_converged","Model converged","discussion_not_converged","Model did not fully converge. Read positions with extra caution.","discussion_members_scored","Members scored","discussion_vocab","Vocabulary","discussion_window","Window","discussion_show_all","discussion_show_reliable","Reliable only","discussion_methodology","How this is computed","discussion_range_label","Time range","discussion_range_1y","1 year","discussion_range_2y","2 years","discussion_range_4y","4 years","discussion_range_8y","8 years","discussion_plot_alt","Beeswarm plot of {count} members placed along a word-choice axis, one dot per member. {ctx}","discussion_plot_caption","Each dot is one member, placed by the words they use in their speeches. Members who reach for the same distinctive words sit close together; members who talk very differently sit far apart. So a member's spot isn't assigned by us; it comes out of how they actually speak. For example, someone who keeps saying “tax”, “budget” and “spending” lands far from someone who mostly says “asylum”, “border” and “integration”. Hover any dot for its details. Filled dots have enough speech to place reliably; hollow rings spoke too little, so read their position with caution.","discussion_empty","No speeches are available for this parliament, so its members can't be placed on the axis. This scaling reads the words members actually speak, and the data set only holds speech transcripts for a few parliaments: the federal chambers and a handful of cantons such as Bern, Basel-Stadt or St. Gallen. You can also try a longer time range above.","discussion_empty_sparse","There is too little speech transcript text for this parliament to place its members on the axis. Try a longer time range above.","discussion_pole_a","One pole","discussion_pole_b","Other pole","discussion_col_party","discussion_key_filled","Enough text (reliable)","discussion_key_ring","Below the word floor (low confidence)","discussion_align_title","Does the axis track party?","discussion_align_hint","How much of the spread in positions is explained by party membership (η²): 100% = parties are perfectly separated, ~0% = party tells you nothing.","discussion_align_strong","parties are clearly separated","discussion_align_moderate","parties are partly separated","discussion_align_weak","party barely explains the axis","discussion_poles_title","What the axis is made of","discussion_poles_hint","The words that most pull members towards each pole. The axis only means something once you read these. Its direction is arbitrary.","discussion_no_party","No party","discussion_col_name","discussion_col_position","Position","discussion_col_words","Words","discussion_col_speeches","discussion_low_confidence","low confidence","discussion_table_title","discussion_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their position on the word-choice axis. {ctx}","discussion_read_title","How to read this","discussion_read_direction","The axis direction is arbitrary: Wordfish finds the split, not which side is “left” or “right”. Read the word poles to see what each side means.","discussion_read_uncertainty","Positions are standardized, so the spread is a convention, not a real distance. Wider error bars (and hollow dots) mean less certainty, so don't over-read those members.","discussion_read_confound","Speech style reflects role as much as ideology: committee chairs, ministers and frequent speakers can land at a pole because of what they do, not only what they believe.","organizations_title","organizations_none","No organizations.","org_members","org_mandates","org_bodies","org_members_heading","org_members_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their party, body, role, payment and period. {ctx}","org_no_members","No members.","org_col_member","org_col_party","org_col_body","org_col_role","org_col_payment","Payment","org_col_period","sort_members","sort_mandates","Mandates","interest_unknown","lobby_panel_person","Declared organizations","lobby_panel_org","Members with this mandate","lobby_table_heading","Who is tied to what","lobby_table_explain","The full matrix marks every member against every shared organization: one dot per declared tie, the exhaustive view of who is tied to what.","lobby_table_large","For this chamber that is","lobby_table_cells","cells","lobby_table_show","Show table","lobby_table_alt","Table marking each of {count} members against the {orgs} organizations they are tied to, one dot per declared tie. {ctx}","lobby_select_hint","Select a member or organization to see its ties.","lobby_filters","lobby_error","The lobby network could not be computed.","lobby_clear_selection","Clear selection","close","not_found_person","Person not found","not_found_body","Parliament not found","not_found_affair","Affair not found","not_found_group","Committee or group not found","not_found_voting","Voting not found","not_found_meeting","Meeting not found","not_found_interest","Interest not found","not_found_organization","Organization not found","not_found_text","Text not found","not_found_doc","Document not found","not_found_speech","Speech not found","not_found_hint","There is no entry with the ID {id}. It may have been removed, or the link may be outdated.","not_found_back","Back to the overview","about","About","faq","FAQ","section_title","section_title_bodies","section_title_affairs","section_title_votings","section_title_texts","section_title_docs","section_subtitle_search","section_subtitle_discussion",{"_1579":1580,"_1596":762,"_1597":1598,"_1599":1600,"_1601":949,"_1280":522,"_1254":321,"_79":526,"_1602":529,"_1585":331,"_1603":1604,"_1605":733,"_1387":281,"_75":291,"_1582":433,"_19":301,"_77":532,"_82":311,"_1606":1059,"_1607":1193,"_1608":1229,"_1609":1193,"_1610":1611,"_1612":1193,"_1613":1614,"_1615":522,"_1616":701,"_1617":1193,"_1618":1600,"_1619":526,"_1586":400,"_1620":1621,"_1192":1193,"_1622":639,"_1205":1193,"_73":537,"_1623":1415,"_1624":1272,"_1625":1310,"_1626":1604,"_1627":1399,"_1587":341,"_1628":1391,"_1629":1193},"section_switcher",{"_1577":1578,"_1579":1580,"_1581":281,"_71":477,"_75":291,"_1582":433,"_1583":367,"_1254":321,"_82":311,"_1584":301,"_1585":331,"_1586":400,"_1587":341,"_1588":1589,"_1590":1591,"_1592":1593,"_1594":1595},"section_title_speeches","section_title_groups","section_title_interests","section_title_meetings","section_title_organizations","label_section","Section","home","Home","people","affairs","groups","documents","interests","meetings","organizations","group_parliament","Actors","group_proceedings","Proceedings","group_records","Records","group_lobbying","Lobbying","search","eyebrow","Data on {{name}}","overview","Overview","personal_data","memberships","access_badges","Lobby","images","texts_overview","text_details","docs_overview","doc_details","votings_overview","Voting","voting_details","voting_diagram","Diagram","voting_tally","speeches_overview","speech_details","groups_overview","contributions","interests_overview","Interest","meetings_overview","vocabulary","loyalty","alignment","lobby","discussion","organizations_overview","org_details",{"_1687":1688,"_1689":1690,"_1631":1691,"_232":1692},"intro",{"_1633":1634,"_1635":1636,"_1637":1638,"_1639":1640,"_1641":1642,"_1643":1644,"_1645":1646},"en",{"_1647":1682,"_1649":1683,"_1651":1684,"_1653":1685,"_1655":1686},"de",{"_1647":1677,"_1649":1678,"_1651":1679,"_1653":1680,"_1655":1681},"fr",{"_1647":1672,"_1649":1673,"_1651":1674,"_1653":1675,"_1655":1676},"it",{"_1647":1667,"_1649":1668,"_1651":1669,"_1653":1670,"_1655":1671},"es",{"_1647":1662,"_1649":1663,"_1651":1664,"_1653":1665,"_1655":1666},"pt",{"_1647":1657,"_1649":1658,"_1651":1659,"_1653":1660,"_1655":1661},"rm",{"_1647":1648,"_1649":1650,"_1651":1652,"_1653":1654,"_1655":1656},"cookie","Nus duvrain mo cookies essenzials e funcziunals. Nagina analitica, nagin tracking.","dataLang","La Svizra ha quatter linguas naziunalas, e questas datas datti en pliras da quellas. Intgins records èn plurilings, auters mo en ina lingua. Vus pudais tscherner en tge lingua ch'il cuntegn vegn mussà; sche vossa tscherna n'è betg disponibla per in record, vegnan duvradas las autras linguas en in urden da prioritad fix. Quai è independent da la lingua da l'interfatscha. As lascha reglar sut Configuraziuns › Lingua dal cuntegn (sura a dretga).","alt","Questa pagina è era disponibla per rumantsch.","switch","Mussar per rumantsch","dismiss","Betg pli mussar","Utilizamos apenas cookies essenciais e funcionais. Sem análises, sem rastreio.","A Suíça tem quatro línguas nacionais, e estes dados existem em várias delas. Alguns registos estão em várias línguas, outros apenas numa. Pode escolher em que idioma os conteúdos são apresentados; quando a sua escolha não está disponível para um registo, as restantes línguas são usadas por uma ordem de prioridade fixa. Isto é independente do idioma da interface. Configure em Definições › Idioma dos conteúdos (canto superior direito).","Esta página também está disponível em português.","Ver em português","Não mostrar novamente","Solo utilizamos cookies esenciales y funcionales. Sin análisis, sin seguimiento.","Suiza tiene cuatro lenguas nacionales, y estos datos existen en varias de ellas. Algunos registros están en varias lenguas, otros en una sola. Puede elegir en qué idioma se muestra el contenido; cuando su elección no está disponible para un registro, se utilizan las demás lenguas en un orden de prioridad fijo. Esto es independiente del idioma de la interfaz. Configúrelo en Ajustes › Idioma del contenido (arriba a la derecha).","Esta página también está disponible en español.","Ver en español","No volver a mostrar","Utilizziamo solo cookie essenziali e funzionali. Nessuna analisi, nessun tracciamento.","La Svizzera ha quattro lingue nazionali e questi dati esistono in diverse di esse. Alcune voci sono in più lingue, altre in una sola. Puoi scegliere in quale lingua mostrare i contenuti; se la tua scelta non è disponibile per una voce, vengono usate le altre lingue secondo un ordine di priorità prestabilito. Questo è indipendente dalla lingua dell'interfaccia. Impostabile in Impostazioni › Lingua del contenuto (in alto a destra).","Questa pagina è disponibile anche in italiano.","Vedi in italiano","Non mostrare più","Nous utilisons uniquement des cookies essentiels et fonctionnels. Aucune analyse, aucun suivi.","La Suisse a quatre langues nationales, et ces données existent dans plusieurs d'entre elles. Certaines entrées sont en plusieurs langues, d'autres dans une seule. Vous pouvez choisir la langue d'affichage du contenu ; si votre choix n'est pas disponible pour une entrée, les autres langues sont utilisées selon un ordre de priorité défini. Ceci est indépendant de la langue de l'interface. Réglable dans Paramètres › Langue du contenu (en haut à droite).","Cette page est aussi disponible en français.","Voir en français","Ne plus afficher","Wir verwenden nur essenzielle, funktionale Cookies. Keine Analyse, kein Tracking.","Die Schweiz hat vier Landessprachen, und diese Daten liegen in mehreren davon vor. Manche Einträge sind mehrsprachig, andere nur in einer Sprache. Sie können wählen, in welcher Sprache die Inhalte angezeigt werden; ist Ihre Wahl für einen Eintrag nicht verfügbar, werden die übrigen Sprachen in einer festen Prioritätsreihenfolge verwendet. Dies ist unabhängig von der Oberflächensprache. Einstellbar unter Einstellungen › Inhaltssprache (oben rechts).","Diese Seite ist auch auf Deutsch verfügbar.","Auf Deutsch anzeigen","Nicht mehr anzeigen","We use only essential, functional cookies. No analytics, no tracking.","Switzerland has four national languages, and this data comes in several of them. Some records are in multiple languages, some in only one. You can choose which language the content is shown in; when your choice isn't available for a record, the remaining languages are used in a set priority order. This is independent of the interface language. Set it under Settings › Content language (top right).","This page is also available in English.","View in English","Don't show again","settings",{"_1755":1756,"_1757":1758,"_1759":1114,"_1760":1761,"_1762":1116,"_1763":1118,"_1764":1765,"_1766":1767,"_1768":1769,"_1770":1771,"_1772":1773,"_587":588,"_1774":1775,"_1776":1777,"_1778":1779,"_1780":1781,"_1782":1783},"nav",{"_1579":1701,"_1702":1703,"_1704":637,"_1705":1706,"_1707":1708,"_1588":1589,"_1590":1591,"_1592":1593,"_1594":1595,"_1581":281,"_71":477,"_1583":367,"_1582":433,"_75":291,"_1586":400,"_1254":321,"_82":311,"_1584":301,"_1585":331,"_1587":341,"_1709":1694,"_1710":1711,"_1557":1558,"_1712":1713,"_1559":1560,"_1714":1715,"_1716":1717,"_1718":1719,"_1720":1721,"_1722":1723,"_1724":1725,"_1726":1727,"_1728":1729,"_1730":1731,"_1732":1733,"_1734":1735,"_1736":1737,"_1738":1739,"_1740":1741,"_1742":1743,"_1744":1745,"_1746":1747,"_1748":1698,"_1749":1750,"_1751":1752,"_1753":1754},{"_1647":1682,"_1649":1683,"_1651":1684,"_1653":1685,"_1655":1686},{"_1693":1694,"_1695":1696,"_1697":1698,"_1699":1700},"project.title","Project","project.desc","About parlhub: what the portal is, answers to common questions, and how the data fits together.","experiments.title","Experiments","experiments.desc","Experimental analyses and methodology showcases on parlhub, including the Wordfish scaling of parliaments from their speeches.","parlhub home","skip_to_content","Skip to main content","explore","start","Start here","start_desc","Quicklinks to chambers, cantons and communes","project","project_desc","The project at a glance","about_desc","What parlhub is and who is behind it","faq_desc","Answers to common questions","sustainability","Sustainability","sustainability_desc","How parlhub is hosted and what it costs the planet","accessibility","Accessibility","accessibility_desc","What works, what doesn't, and how to report a barrier","traffic_stats","Traffic statistics","traffic_stats_desc","Which parts of the site get requested, and by whom","imprint","Imprint","imprint_desc","Who runs parlhub, contact, and the licenses","github","GitHub","github_desc","The project's source code on GitHub","data_guide","Data guide","data_guide_desc","Every kind of data, in plain terms, with examples","data_map","Data map","data_map_desc","How the data fits together, at a glance","methodology","Methodology","methodology_desc","How each figure is calculated, with links to the code","experiments","experiments_desc","Experimental analyses and methodology write-ups","wordfish","Wordfish scaling","wordfish_desc","Placing members on an axis by the words in their speeches","menu_label","Settings","appearance","Appearance","theme","theme_system","System","theme_light","theme_dark","font_size","Font size","font_size_decrease","Decrease font size","font_size_increase","Increase font size","high_contrast","High contrast","grayscale","Grayscale","interface_language","Interface","content_language","Content language","content_language_auto","Auto (follow interface)","content_language_note","Language of the displayed data (names, titles, texts). Independent of the interface; when a record isn't available, the next language is used.","content_language_priority","Priority",{"_1759":1785,"_1764":1786,"_1787":169,"_1788":162,"_1789":162,"_1790":169,"_1791":-5},"system",100,"show_cookie_consent_message","ui_high_contrast","ui_grayscale","msg_lang_hint","content_lang"]