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1. Ist der Bundesrat gewillt, das Bundesgesetz über Radio und Fernsehen möglichst rasch einer zeitgemässen Revision zu unterziehen? Von welchen Terminvorgaben kann dabei ausgegangen werden?

2. Hält der Bundesrat mehr Wettbewerb und Deregulierung auch im Bereich von Radio und Fernsehen grundsätzlich für wünschenswert, und ist er bereit, den staatlichen Schutz der SRG zugunsten privater inländischer Anbieter und ausländischer Programmfenster zu lockern?

3. Ist der gesetzliche Leistungsauftrag an die SRG noch zeitgemäss, wenn es zu dessen Erfüllung allein im Gebiet der deutschsprachigen Schweiz zwei Fernsehprogramme, vier Radioprogramme sowie eine Vielzahl von kostspieligen Studios braucht und die Konsumenten hierfür \"Zwangsgebühren\" zu entrichten haben, die sich langsam der Milliardengrenze nähern? Wird mit einem derart überdimensionierten Leistungsauftrag unter dem Deckmantel der Grundversorgung nicht viel eher ein offensiver Verdrängungskampf gegen die private Konkurrenz betrieben?

4. Sollte sich ein Medienunternehmen, dem der Staat Empfangsgebühren in der Höhe von bald einer Milliarde Franken zugesteht, nicht zu einer erhöhten journalistischen Ethik verpflichten lassen und sich beispielsweise in der bildlichen Darstellung von Brutalitäten und Gewalt grösserer Zurückhaltung befleissigen? Sollte nicht in Form einer öffentlich-rechtlichen Finanzkontrolle überprüft werden, ob diese Gebühren tatsächlich zur Erfüllung des gesetzlichen Leistungsauftrages aufgewendet werden?

5. Ist der Bundesrat bereit, die vom Fernsehen DRS für den Sommer 1997 geplante 27teilige Sendereihe \"Die Schweiz im Schatten des Dritten Reiches\", die auch über das internationale 3sat-Programm ausgestrahlt wird, dahingehend überprüfen zu lassen, ob sie im öffentlichen Interesse des Landes steht und zusätzliche Subventionen unter der Rubrik \"Internationale Rundfunkveranstalter\" hierfür verantwortbar sind?

","affair_title",16470,"19973383_14","Antwort BR / Büro","

1. Der Bundesrat erkennt die Notwendigkeit einer Revision des Radio- und Fernsehgesetzes (RTVG). Handlungsbedarf besteht in erster Linie im Zusammenhang mit dem Prozess der Digitalisierung sowie der tendenziellen Verschmelzung von Rundfunkangeboten einerseits und Fernmeldediensten andererseits (Konvergenz). Die Revision wird auch Gelegenheit bieten, in letzter Zeit erhobene Forderungen, die etwa die Finanzierung von lokalen Fernsehstationen und die Werbeordnung betreffen, auf ihre Realisierbarkeit hin zu prüfen. Der zeitliche Verlauf des Revisionsprozesses ist heute noch nicht abschliessend definiert.

2. Massgebend für die Gestaltung der elektronischen Medien bleibt der Verfassungsauftrag, welcher dem System von Radio und Fernsehen namentlich im Bereich der freien Meinungsbildung und der kulturellen Entfaltung eine wesentliche Aufgabe überträgt. Es wird demnach auch im Rahmen der Gesetzesrevision darum gehen, einen Service public zu garantieren, welcher der besonderen Bedeutung des Rundfunks für die direkte Demokratie Rechnung trägt, eine Versorgung aller Landesteile sicherstellt und die Voraussetzungen für einen qualitativ guten Journalismus schafft. In diesem Rahmen wird zu prüfen sein, inwiefern mehr Wettbewerb und die Zulassung weiterer inländischer oder ausländischer Anbieter dazu beitragen können, die vorgegebenen Ziele besser zu erreichen, oder ob diese nicht im Gegenteil gefährdet sind.

Die Konzessionierung weiterer schweizerischer Veranstalter sowie allfälliger Programmfenster auf ausländischen Kanälen ist bereits unter geltendem Recht möglich; sie muss aber dem Schutz des Service public Rechnung tragen und - gemäss Verfassungsvorgabe - auch auf die Printmedien Rücksicht nehmen.

3. Ein Service public, der das anvisierte Publikum auch effektiv erreichen will, darf die Konsumgewohnheiten sowie die ausländische Konkurrenz nicht ausser acht lassen. Die internationale Entwicklung der Radio- und Fernsehangebote ist durch eine Segmentierungstendenz geprägt, welche der allgemeinen gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung folgt und sich in einer Differenzierung der Programmangebote niederschlägt. Diesem Trend kann sich auch die SRG nicht verschliessen. Sofern dies für die Erfüllung des Leistungsauftrages erforderlich ist, muss die SRG für alle Sprachregionen differenzierte Programme anbieten, die sich neben den in den schweizerischen Markt einstrahlenden ausländischen Programmen behaupten können.

Vor diesem Hintergrund benötigt die SRG einen gewissen Entwicklungsspielraum, welcher allerdings durch die Konzession begrenzt ist und im schweizerischen Markt für andere Veranstalter genügend Raum lassen muss. Anzufügen bleibt, dass das RTVG die SRG auf der sprachregional-nationalen Ebene insofern privilegiert, als andere Veranstalter nur zugelassen werden dürfen, wenn sie die Erfüllung des Leistungsauftrages durch die SRG nicht wesentlich beeinträchtigen.

4. Die Zunahme von Gewalt und Brutalität am Bildschirm ist Ausdruck, zum Teil aber auch Mitursache einer gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung, welche dem Bundesrat Sorge bereitet. Der Umgang mit Gewalt hat in Radio und Fernsehen den Prinzipien verantwortungsbewusster Professionalität zu folgen, welche in den gesetzlichen Programmbestimmungen einen rechtlichen Niederschlag gefunden haben. Diese Vorschriften - namentlich das Gebot der Sachgerechtigkeit - gelten für alle Veranstalter in gleicher Weise und unabhängig davon, ob sie durch Gebühren finanziert werden. Jedoch genügt eine normative Bestimmung für einen verantwortungsvollen Umgang mit der Problematik nicht. Vielmehr bedarf es einer ethischen Abwägung in jedem Einzelfall, ob und wie eine Gewaltszene dargestellt werden darf.

Die Unabhängige Beschwerdeinstanz für Radio und Fernsehen (UBI) hat sich bis heute in mehreren Entscheiden mit der Gewaltproblematik in Radio und Fernsehen auseinandergesetzt und auch schon Konzessionsverletzungen festgestellt. Das Problem kann allerdings nicht auf der Ebene repressiver Aufsichtsmassnahmen gelöst werden, sondern bedarf einer verstärkten gesellschaftlichen Sensibilisierung und steter Diskussion.

Die SRG unterliegt von Gesetzes wegen der Finanzaufsicht durch das Eidgenössische Verkehrs- und Energiewirtschaftsdepartement (EVED). In diesem Rahmen wird geprüft, ob die SRG die Gebühren zur Veranstaltung der konzessionsrechtlich vorgesehenen Programme verwendet und dabei den Grundsätzen einer wirtschaftlichen Betriebsführung folgt. Die SRG verfügt zudem über eigene unternehmerische Kontrollmechanismen. Die Finanzaufsicht des Bundes über die SRG war Gegenstand einer kürzlich erfolgten Inspektion der Geschäftsprüfungskommission des Ständerates. Im übrigen verbietet das RTVG Überwachungsmassnahmen, die sich auf Produktion und Vorbereitung der Programme beziehen, sowie reine Zweckmässigkeitskontrollen.

5. Eine vorgängige Überprüfung der angesprochenen Sendereihe verbietet sich gemäss Artikel 56 Absatz 1 RTVG und kommt daher aus rechtlichen Gründen nicht in Frage. Die der SRG zukommenden Subventionen für ihre Beteiligung an internationalen Gemeinschaftsprogrammen schliessen eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit der Vergangenheit der Schweiz nicht aus. Die mediale Präsenz der Schweiz im Ausland wäre wenig glaubwürdig, wenn diese auf die reine Imagepflege reduziert würde. Die internationalen Sendungen der SRG sollen im Ausland ein differenziertes und faires Bild der Schweiz vermitteln.

Diesen Anforderungen hat die vor kurzem auf mehreren Sendern ausgestrahlte Sendung \"Nazigold und Judengeld\" nicht entsprochen. Die Koproduktion zwischen der BBC und der SRG hat durch ihre tendenziöse Dramaturgie der Schweiz namentlich im Ausland politischen Schaden zugefügt. Bei der Beurteilung der kritisierten Sendung sind aber die Koproduktion der SRG und die Ausstrahlung im In- und Ausland grundsätzlich auseinanderzuhalten.

Bei der Ausstrahlung durch die SRG im Inland stellt sich die Frage, ob die Sendung gegen die SRG-Konzession verstossen hat; dies hat nicht der Bundesrat, sondern haben die UBI und allenfalls das Bundesgericht zu entscheiden. Bis jetzt hat sich der Ombudsmann DRS mit der Angelegenheit befasst; er schreibt in seinem Bericht, der Film für sich allein genommen sei problematisch, die Sendung in ihrer Gesamtheit sei aber wegen der ausführlichen Ansage und der anschliessenden Diskussion aus konzessionsrechtlicher Sicht nicht zu beanstanden.

Inzwischen sind bereits verschiedene Beschwerden gegen die Sendung bei der UBI eingegangen. Sollten die UBI bzw. das Bundesgericht zum Schluss gelangen, die SRG habe mit der Ausstrahlung in der Schweiz die Konzession verletzt, so würde der Bundesrat aufsichtsrechtliche Massnahmen erwägen. Die Ausstrahlung der Sendung durch TV-Veranstalter im Ausland entzieht sich dem Einflussbereich der schweizerischen Behörden.

Bei der Koproduktion des Filmes sind auf seiten der SRG unbestrittenermassen Fehler begangen worden. Da der Generaldirektor der SRG gegenüber dem Bundesrat für die operative Führung des Gesamtunternehmens sowie für die Gesamtleitung der Programme verantwortlich ist, hat der Vorsteher des EVED von ihm einen Bericht verlangt; darin kommt dieser zum Schluss, dass gravierende Fahler begangen wurden. Aufgrund der politischen Brisanz des Themas müsse von einem \"klaren Fehlverhalten\" der Verantwortlichen bei SF DRS gesprochen werden. Da aber die Verantwortlichen die Mängel erkannt hätten, dazu stünden und von sich aus Massnahmen in die Wege geleitet hätten, will der Generaldirektor im personellen Bereich auf ein \"Köpferollen\" verzichten.

Indessen werden die Vorfälle Konsequenzen auf die periodischen Leistungsbeurteilungen der zuständigen Verantwortlichen haben. SF DRS hat in der Zwischenzeit betriebsinterne Massnahmen in bezug auf die Führung und die Ausbildung im Bereich des Dokumentarfilmes eingeleitet.

Antwort des Bundesrates.",16469,"19973383_1","Titel des 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members…","controls_search_placeholder_memberships","Search memberships…","controls_search_placeholder_interests","Search interests…","controls_search_placeholder_organizations","Search organizations…","controls_search_placeholder_votes","Search votes…","controls_search_placeholder_access_badges","Search access badges…","controls_search_placeholder_contributors","Search contributions…","controls_search_placeholder_speeches","Search speeches…","controls_search_hint_people","Searches names, place and postcode.","controls_search_hint_groups","Searches name, abbreviation and description.","controls_search_placeholder_groups","Search committees & groups…","controls_search_hint_organizations","Searches the organization name.","controls_search_hint_agendas","Searches title, description, number and category.","controls_search_placeholder_agendas","Search agenda items…","controls_search_hint_alignment","Searches the name of the compared member.","controls_search_hint_memberships","Searches group/body name, function and membership type.","controls_search_hint_interests","Searches organisation name, function and parliamentary group.","controls_search_hint_votes","Searches the voting title and the affair title.","controls_search_hint_access_badges","Searches guests' name and organisation.","controls_search_hint_contributors","Searches the affair title.","controls_search_hint_speeches","Searches the speech text.","controls_sort_status","Sorted by {field}, {direction}","sort_affair_date","Affair date","sort_role","Role","sort_affair_type","Affair type","sort_affair_number","Affair number","sort_valid_from","Valid from","sort_valid_to","Valid until","sort_version","facet_latest","Latest","gender_f","Female","gender_m","Male","gender_d","Diverse","lang_de","German","lang_fr","French","lang_it","Italian","lang_rm","Romansh","lang_en","English","lang_es","Spanish","bodies_title","affairs_title","no_bodies","No institutions found.","facet_has_parliament","With parliament","sort_canton","Canton","sort_position","Order","sort_population","Population","controls_search_placeholder_bodies","Search institutions…","controls_search_hint_bodies","Searches name, canton and key.","body_population","Residents","body_seats","Seats","controls_no_results","No matches for your search.","controls_filter_search","controls_loading","Loading results…","body_section_profile","Profile","body_has_parliament","Has parliament","body_languages","Languages","body_seats_legislative","Seats (legislative)","body_executive","Executive","body_seats_executive","Seats (executive)","body_consultations","Consultations","body_elections_votings","Elections & votings","body_flag","Flag","body_key_label","Body key","body_source_lang","Source language","body_people_directory_title","All people of this institution","body_composition_title","Current composition","body_chambers_title","Chambers","body_votings_title","no_votings","No recorded votings.","controls_search_placeholder_votings","Search votings…","controls_search_hint_votings","body_affairs_title","no_affairs","No recorded affairs.","affair_untitled","Untitled affair","affair_long_title","Full title","affair_number","Number","affair_official_record","affair_external_id","External ID","affair_agenda_section","Agenda items","controls_search_placeholder_affairs","Search affairs…","controls_search_hint_affairs","Searches affair title and affair number.","sort_affair_title","facet_state","State","view_all_votings","View all votings","view_all_affairs","View all affairs","external_link","External link","docs_title","docs_loading","Searching documents…","section_docs","no_docs","No documents.","view_all_docs","View all documents","controls_search_placeholder_docs","Search documents…","controls_search_hint_docs","Searches name and category.","facet_category","Category","facet_format","Format","facet_lang","facet_case","Case sensitive","facet_word","Whole word","facet_match_on","facet_match_off","section_events","no_events","No recorded events.","view_all_events","View full timeline","controls_search_placeholder_events","Search events…","controls_search_hint_events","Searches title, actor and details.","facet_actor_type","Actor type","event_untitled","Event","texts_title","texts_loading","Searching texts…","section_texts","no_texts","No texts.","view_all_texts","View all texts","controls_search_placeholder_texts","Search texts…","controls_search_hint_texts","Searches type and body text.","sort_type","text_untitled","Text","facet_position_country","facet_position_canton","facet_position_city","City","facet_position_commune","Commune","facet_position_other","Other","votings_title","voting_result_section","voting_decision","Decision","voting_meaning_yes","A yes means","voting_meaning_no","A no means","voting_affair","voting_chart_title","How they voted","voting_chart_alt","Seat map of {count} members, coloured by {mode}. {summary}","voting_table_alt","Table of how {count} members voted, one row per member, with their party and parliamentary group.","chart_export","chart_export_title","Export chart","chart_export_failed","Export failed.","chart_exporting","Exporting…","chart_download","Download","chart_close","chart_fullscreen","Fullscreen","chart_title","chart_title_ph","Optional title","chart_subtitle","Subtitle","chart_subtitle_ph","Optional subtitle","chart_colors","Colours & labels","chart_color_for","Colour for","chart_label_for","Label for","chart_reset","chart_order","chart_output","Output","chart_format","chart_theme","Theme","chart_theme_light","Light","chart_theme_dark","Dark","chart_size","Size","chart_options","Options","chart_show_legend","Show legend","chart_transparent","Transparent background","chart_interactive","Interactive","chart_credits","Credit","voting_chart_no_votes","No votes recorded.","voting_chart_seats","seats","voting_chart_no_seatmap","No seat data available.","voting_chart_col_person","Person","voting_chart_col_party","voting_chart_col_group","voting_chart_col_vote","voting_chart_by_party","Vote by party","voting_chart_by_party_seats","Seats by party","voting_chart_colour_by","Colour seats by","voting_chart_majority","Majority","voting_chart_edit","Edit & export","voting_chart_seat_note","Seat positions are illustrative, not the real chamber layout. Open the editor to rearrange the colours, labels and order, and export.","speeches_title","speeches_loading","Searching speeches…","speech_person","Speaker","speech_body","Institution","speech_affair","speech_meeting","groups_title","no_groups","No groups found.","group_untitled","Untitled group","section_meetings","no_meetings","No recorded meetings.","view_all_meetings","View all meetings","meetings_title","meeting_untitled","meeting_upcoming","Upcoming","facet_time","When","facet_upcoming","facet_past","Past","group_abbreviation","Abbreviation","group_description","Description","group_official_record","Official page","group_contact","member_unknown","section_votings","interests_title","interest_details","Details","interest_person","Declared by","interest_body","Granting body","interest_role","interest_type","interest_group","interest_place","Place","interest_period","Period","meeting_details","meeting_type","meeting_state","meeting_number","meeting_location","Location","meeting_period","meeting_group","meeting_body","group_type","description","controls_search_placeholder_meetings","Search meetings …","controls_search_hint_meetings","Name, location or description","section_agendas","no_agendas","No agenda items.","view_all_agendas","View all agenda items","agenda_untitled","speech_speaker_unknown","video","doc_untitled","Document","doc_body","doc_affair","doc_meeting","doc_agenda","section_contributors","Contributors","no_contributors","No contributors.","view_all_contributors","View all contributors","sort_number","topics_title","Most-used words","topics_intro","The words this person uses most across their speeches, with common filler words removed. Tile size shows how often a word is used.","topics_all_time","All time","topics_last_4y","Last 4 years","topics_last_8y","Last 8 years","topics_from","topics_to","topics_speeches","speeches","topics_words","words (filtered)","topics_distinct","distinct words","topics_uses","uses","topics_alt","Treemap of the {count} most-used words, sized by how often each is used. {ctx}","topics_table_alt","Table of the {count} most-used words and how often each is used. {ctx}","topics_table_toggle","Show as table","topics_table_word","Word","topics_empty","No speeches with usable text in this period. Try widening the range.","loyalty_title","Party loyalty","loyalty_subtitle","Share of a member's votes cast against their group's majority line (higher = more independent). Abstentions count as a position.","loyalty_axis","Dissent rate: share of votes against own group","loyalty_dissent","dissent","loyalty_ballots","votes","loyalty_empty","No votes in this period meet the thresholds for a loyalty score. Widen the range.","loyalty_chart_alt","Beeswarm plot of the dissent rate of {count} members, one dot per member, coloured by party. {ctx}","loyalty_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their votes, dissents and dissent rate. {ctx}","loyalty_col_member","loyalty_col_party","loyalty_col_group","loyalty_col_ballots","loyalty_col_dissents","Against","loyalty_col_rate","Dissent","loyalty_from","loyalty_to","loyalty_scale","Scale","loyalty_scale_log","Log","loyalty_scale_linear","Linear","loyalty_filters","Filters","cohesion_title","Group cohesion","cohesion_hint","mean Agreement Index (1 = unanimous)","section_alignment","Voting alignment","no_alignment","Not enough shared votes to compare.","view_all_alignment","View full alignment","alignment_agreed_of_shared","agreed on {agreed} of {shared} shared votes","sort_agreement","Agreement","sort_shared","Shared votes","facet_min_shared","Min. shared","min_shared_10","≥ 10","min_shared_20","≥ 20","min_shared_50","≥ 50","min_shared_100","≥ 100","section_body_alignment","body_alignment_subtitle","How members of this chamber vote relative to one another, from the votes they have in common. In the map, members who vote alike sit close together and opponents far apart. Colours are parties, so blocs and coalitions show up as clusters. The grid gives the average agreement between each pair of parties (the diagonal is each party's own internal cohesion).","alignment_from","alignment_to","alignment_view","View","alignment_view_scatter","Map","alignment_view_heatmap","Party grid","alignment_empty","Not enough votes in this window to build the model.","alignment_window_note","Most meaningful within a single legislative period: the model compares members from the votes they have in common. If the window spans an election or a change in composition, members with different terms barely overlap and positions become less comparable.","alignment_no_parties","No party groups to compare in this window.","alignment_scatter_alt","Scatter plot of {count} members placed by how similarly they voted, coloured by party. {ctx}","alignment_pairs","pairs","alignment_heatmap_note","Each cell is the average agreement between members of the two parties (diagonal = a party's internal cohesion). ± is the 95% confidence range and n the number of member-pairs behind it. A small range over many pairs means the alignment is well-established; a wide range means it's only suggestive.","alignment_heatmap_alt","Grid of the average voting agreement between {count} parties. {ctx}","alignment_members_heading","Members","alignment_members_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their agreement with the chamber and with their own party. {ctx}","alignment_col_member","alignment_col_party","alignment_col_votes","alignment_col_chamber","Aligns with chamber","alignment_col_party_align","Within party","alignment_zoom_in","Zoom in","alignment_zoom_out","Zoom out","alignment_zoom_reset","Reset zoom","alignment_filters","section_lobby","Lobby network","lobby_subtitle","The organizations members of this chamber declare in their register of interests, and where those ties overlap. In the network, members are dots (coloured by party) and organizations shared by two or more members are squares. Members who share the same organizations pull together. The breakdown shows how many mandates are paid versus unpaid, and who holds the most.","lobby_empty","No declared interests for this chamber in this window.","lobby_no_shared","No organizations are shared by two or more members here. See the breakdown.","lobby_network_alt","Network graph of {members} members and the {orgs} organizations they share, linked by declared interests. {ctx}","lobby_mandates","mandates","lobby_members_tied","members","lobby_unknown","Unknown","lobby_org_node","Organization","lobby_payment_heading","Paid vs unpaid mandates","lobby_top_orgs","Most-shared organizations","lobby_top_members","Members by mandates","discussion_title","Speech profiles","discussion_intro","Where members sit on a latent axis derived purely from the words they use in their speeches (Wordfish scaling).","discussion_calculating","Scaling speeches…","lobby_calculating","Computing lobby network…","discussion_error","The speech scaling could not be computed.","discussion_converged","Model converged","discussion_not_converged","Model did not fully converge. Read positions with extra caution.","discussion_members_scored","Members scored","discussion_vocab","Vocabulary","discussion_window","Window","discussion_show_all","discussion_show_reliable","Reliable only","discussion_methodology","How this is computed","discussion_range_label","Time range","discussion_range_1y","1 year","discussion_range_2y","2 years","discussion_range_4y","4 years","discussion_range_8y","8 years","discussion_plot_alt","Beeswarm plot of {count} members placed along a word-choice axis, one dot per member. {ctx}","discussion_plot_caption","Each dot is one member, placed by the words they use in their speeches. Members who reach for the same distinctive words sit close together; members who talk very differently sit far apart. So a member's spot isn't assigned by us; it comes out of how they actually speak. For example, someone who keeps saying “tax”, “budget” and “spending” lands far from someone who mostly says “asylum”, “border” and “integration”. Hover any dot for its details. Filled dots have enough speech to place reliably; hollow rings spoke too little, so read their position with caution.","discussion_empty","No speeches are available for this parliament, so its members can't be placed on the axis. This scaling reads the words members actually speak, and the data set only holds speech transcripts for a few parliaments: the federal chambers and a handful of cantons such as Bern, Basel-Stadt or St. Gallen. You can also try a longer time range above.","discussion_empty_sparse","There is too little speech transcript text for this parliament to place its members on the axis. Try a longer time range above.","discussion_pole_a","One pole","discussion_pole_b","Other pole","discussion_col_party","discussion_key_filled","Enough text (reliable)","discussion_key_ring","Below the word floor (low confidence)","discussion_align_title","Does the axis track party?","discussion_align_hint","How much of the spread in positions is explained by party membership (η²): 100% = parties are perfectly separated, ~0% = party tells you nothing.","discussion_align_strong","parties are clearly separated","discussion_align_moderate","parties are partly separated","discussion_align_weak","party barely explains the axis","discussion_poles_title","What the axis is made of","discussion_poles_hint","The words that most pull members towards each pole. The axis only means something once you read these. Its direction is arbitrary.","discussion_no_party","No party","discussion_col_name","discussion_col_position","Position","discussion_col_words","Words","discussion_col_speeches","discussion_low_confidence","low confidence","discussion_table_title","discussion_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their position on the word-choice axis. {ctx}","discussion_read_title","How to read this","discussion_read_direction","The axis direction is arbitrary: Wordfish finds the split, not which side is “left” or “right”. Read the word poles to see what each side means.","discussion_read_uncertainty","Positions are standardized, so the spread is a convention, not a real distance. Wider error bars (and hollow dots) mean less certainty, so don't over-read those members.","discussion_read_confound","Speech style reflects role as much as ideology: committee chairs, ministers and frequent speakers can land at a pole because of what they do, not only what they believe.","organizations_title","organizations_none","No organizations.","org_members","org_mandates","org_bodies","org_members_heading","org_members_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their party, body, role, payment and period. {ctx}","org_no_members","No members.","org_col_member","org_col_party","org_col_body","org_col_role","org_col_payment","Payment","org_col_period","sort_members","sort_mandates","Mandates","interest_unknown","lobby_panel_person","Declared organizations","lobby_panel_org","Members with this mandate","lobby_table_heading","Who is tied to what","lobby_table_explain","The full matrix marks every member against every shared organization: one dot per declared tie, the exhaustive view of who is tied to what.","lobby_table_large","For this chamber that is","lobby_table_cells","cells","lobby_table_show","Show table","lobby_table_alt","Table marking each of {count} members against the {orgs} organizations they are tied to, one dot per declared tie. {ctx}","lobby_select_hint","Select a member or organization to see its ties.","lobby_filters","lobby_error","The lobby network could not be computed.","lobby_clear_selection","Clear selection","close","not_found_person","Person not found","not_found_body","Parliament not found","not_found_affair","Affair not found","not_found_group","Committee or group not found","not_found_voting","Voting not found","not_found_meeting","Meeting not found","not_found_interest","Interest not found","not_found_organization","Organization not found","not_found_text","Text not found","not_found_doc","Document not found","not_found_speech","Speech not found","not_found_hint","There is no entry with the ID {id}. It may have been removed, or the link may be outdated.","not_found_back","Back to the overview","about","About","faq","FAQ","section_title","section_title_bodies","section_title_affairs","section_title_votings","section_title_texts","section_title_docs","section_subtitle_search","section_subtitle_discussion",{"_1595":1596,"_1612":778,"_1613":1614,"_1615":1616,"_1617":965,"_1296":538,"_1270":338,"_108":542,"_1618":545,"_1601":348,"_1619":1620,"_1621":749,"_1403":298,"_105":308,"_1598":450,"_110":318,"_19":548,"_112":328,"_1622":1075,"_1623":1209,"_1624":1245,"_1625":1209,"_1626":1627,"_1628":1209,"_1629":1630,"_1631":538,"_1632":717,"_1633":1209,"_1634":1616,"_1635":542,"_1602":417,"_1636":1637,"_1208":1209,"_1638":655,"_1221":1209,"_103":553,"_1639":1431,"_1640":1288,"_1641":1326,"_1642":1620,"_1643":1415,"_1603":358,"_1644":1407,"_1645":1209},"section_switcher",{"_1593":1594,"_1595":1596,"_1597":298,"_101":494,"_105":308,"_1598":450,"_1599":384,"_1270":338,"_112":328,"_1600":318,"_1601":348,"_1602":417,"_1603":358,"_1604":1605,"_1606":1607,"_1608":1609,"_1610":1611},"section_title_speeches","section_title_groups","section_title_interests","section_title_meetings","section_title_organizations","label_section","Section","home","Home","people","affairs","groups","documents","interests","meetings","organizations","group_parliament","Actors","group_proceedings","Proceedings","group_records","Records","group_lobbying","Lobbying","search","eyebrow","Data on {{name}}","overview","Overview","personal_data","memberships","access_badges","Lobby","images","texts_overview","text_details","docs_overview","doc_details","votings_overview","Voting","voting_details","voting_diagram","Diagram","voting_tally","speeches_overview","speech_details","groups_overview","contributions","interests_overview","Interest","meetings_overview","vocabulary","loyalty","alignment","lobby","discussion","organizations_overview","org_details",{"_1703":1704,"_1705":1706,"_1647":1707,"_249":1708},"intro",{"_1649":1650,"_1651":1652,"_1653":1654,"_1655":1656,"_1657":1658,"_1659":1660,"_1661":1662},"en",{"_1663":1698,"_1665":1699,"_1667":1700,"_1669":1701,"_1671":1702},"de",{"_1663":1693,"_1665":1694,"_1667":1695,"_1669":1696,"_1671":1697},"fr",{"_1663":1688,"_1665":1689,"_1667":1690,"_1669":1691,"_1671":1692},"it",{"_1663":1683,"_1665":1684,"_1667":1685,"_1669":1686,"_1671":1687},"es",{"_1663":1678,"_1665":1679,"_1667":1680,"_1669":1681,"_1671":1682},"pt",{"_1663":1673,"_1665":1674,"_1667":1675,"_1669":1676,"_1671":1677},"rm",{"_1663":1664,"_1665":1666,"_1667":1668,"_1669":1670,"_1671":1672},"cookie","Nus duvrain mo cookies essenzials e funcziunals. Nagina analitica, nagin tracking.","dataLang","La Svizra ha quatter linguas naziunalas, e questas datas datti en pliras da quellas. Intgins records èn plurilings, auters mo en ina lingua. Vus pudais tscherner en tge lingua ch'il cuntegn vegn mussà; sche vossa tscherna n'è betg disponibla per in record, vegnan duvradas las autras linguas en in urden da prioritad fix. Quai è independent da la lingua da l'interfatscha. As lascha reglar sut Configuraziuns › Lingua dal cuntegn (sura a dretga).","alt","Questa pagina è era disponibla per rumantsch.","switch","Mussar per rumantsch","dismiss","Betg pli mussar","Utilizamos apenas cookies essenciais e funcionais. Sem análises, sem rastreio.","A Suíça tem quatro línguas nacionais, e estes dados existem em várias delas. Alguns registos estão em várias línguas, outros apenas numa. Pode escolher em que idioma os conteúdos são apresentados; quando a sua escolha não está disponível para um registo, as restantes línguas são usadas por uma ordem de prioridade fixa. Isto é independente do idioma da interface. Configure em Definições › Idioma dos conteúdos (canto superior direito).","Esta página também está disponível em português.","Ver em português","Não mostrar novamente","Solo utilizamos cookies esenciales y funcionales. Sin análisis, sin seguimiento.","Suiza tiene cuatro lenguas nacionales, y estos datos existen en varias de ellas. Algunos registros están en varias lenguas, otros en una sola. Puede elegir en qué idioma se muestra el contenido; cuando su elección no está disponible para un registro, se utilizan las demás lenguas en un orden de prioridad fijo. Esto es independiente del idioma de la interfaz. Configúrelo en Ajustes › Idioma del contenido (arriba a la derecha).","Esta página también está disponible en español.","Ver en español","No volver a mostrar","Utilizziamo solo cookie essenziali e funzionali. Nessuna analisi, nessun tracciamento.","La Svizzera ha quattro lingue nazionali e questi dati esistono in diverse di esse. Alcune voci sono in più lingue, altre in una sola. Puoi scegliere in quale lingua mostrare i contenuti; se la tua scelta non è disponibile per una voce, vengono usate le altre lingue secondo un ordine di priorità prestabilito. Questo è indipendente dalla lingua dell'interfaccia. Impostabile in Impostazioni › Lingua del contenuto (in alto a destra).","Questa pagina è disponibile anche in italiano.","Vedi in italiano","Non mostrare più","Nous utilisons uniquement des cookies essentiels et fonctionnels. Aucune analyse, aucun suivi.","La Suisse a quatre langues nationales, et ces données existent dans plusieurs d'entre elles. Certaines entrées sont en plusieurs langues, d'autres dans une seule. Vous pouvez choisir la langue d'affichage du contenu ; si votre choix n'est pas disponible pour une entrée, les autres langues sont utilisées selon un ordre de priorité défini. Ceci est indépendant de la langue de l'interface. Réglable dans Paramètres › Langue du contenu (en haut à droite).","Cette page est aussi disponible en français.","Voir en français","Ne plus afficher","Wir verwenden nur essenzielle, funktionale Cookies. Keine Analyse, kein Tracking.","Die Schweiz hat vier Landessprachen, und diese Daten liegen in mehreren davon vor. Manche Einträge sind mehrsprachig, andere nur in einer Sprache. Sie können wählen, in welcher Sprache die Inhalte angezeigt werden; ist Ihre Wahl für einen Eintrag nicht verfügbar, werden die übrigen Sprachen in einer festen Prioritätsreihenfolge verwendet. Dies ist unabhängig von der Oberflächensprache. Einstellbar unter Einstellungen › Inhaltssprache (oben rechts).","Diese Seite ist auch auf Deutsch verfügbar.","Auf Deutsch anzeigen","Nicht mehr anzeigen","We use only essential, functional cookies. No analytics, no tracking.","Switzerland has four national languages, and this data comes in several of them. Some records are in multiple languages, some in only one. You can choose which language the content is shown in; when your choice isn't available for a record, the remaining languages are used in a set priority order. This is independent of the interface language. Set it under Settings › Content language (top right).","This page is also available in English.","View in English","Don't show again","settings",{"_1771":1772,"_1773":1774,"_1775":1130,"_1776":1777,"_1778":1132,"_1779":1134,"_1780":1781,"_1782":1783,"_1784":1785,"_1786":1787,"_1788":1789,"_603":604,"_1790":1791,"_1792":1793,"_1794":1795,"_1796":1797,"_1798":1799},"nav",{"_1595":1717,"_1718":1719,"_1720":653,"_1721":1722,"_1723":1724,"_1604":1605,"_1606":1607,"_1608":1609,"_1610":1611,"_1597":298,"_101":494,"_1599":384,"_1598":450,"_105":308,"_1602":417,"_1270":338,"_112":328,"_1600":318,"_1601":348,"_1603":358,"_1725":1710,"_1726":1727,"_1573":1574,"_1728":1729,"_1575":1576,"_1730":1731,"_1732":1733,"_1734":1735,"_1736":1737,"_1738":1739,"_1740":1741,"_1742":1743,"_1744":1745,"_1746":1747,"_1748":1749,"_1750":1751,"_1752":1753,"_1754":1755,"_1756":1757,"_1758":1759,"_1760":1761,"_1762":1763,"_1764":1714,"_1765":1766,"_1767":1768,"_1769":1770},{"_1663":1698,"_1665":1699,"_1667":1700,"_1669":1701,"_1671":1702},{"_1709":1710,"_1711":1712,"_1713":1714,"_1715":1716},"project.title","Project","project.desc","About parlhub: what the portal is, answers to common questions, and how the data fits together.","experiments.title","Experiments","experiments.desc","Experimental analyses and methodology showcases on parlhub, including the Wordfish scaling of parliaments from their speeches.","parlhub home","skip_to_content","Skip to main content","explore","start","Start here","start_desc","Quicklinks to chambers, cantons and communes","project","project_desc","The project at a glance","about_desc","What parlhub is and who is behind it","faq_desc","Answers to common questions","sustainability","Sustainability","sustainability_desc","How parlhub is hosted and what it costs the planet","accessibility","Accessibility","accessibility_desc","What works, what doesn't, and how to report a barrier","traffic_stats","Traffic statistics","traffic_stats_desc","Which parts of the site get requested, and by whom","imprint","Imprint","imprint_desc","Who runs parlhub, contact, and the licenses","github","GitHub","github_desc","The project's source code on GitHub","data_guide","Data guide","data_guide_desc","Every kind of data, in plain terms, with examples","data_map","Data map","data_map_desc","How the data fits together, at a glance","methodology","Methodology","methodology_desc","How each figure is calculated, with links to the code","experiments","experiments_desc","Experimental analyses and methodology write-ups","wordfish","Wordfish scaling","wordfish_desc","Placing members on an axis by the words in their speeches","menu_label","Settings","appearance","Appearance","theme","theme_system","System","theme_light","theme_dark","font_size","Font size","font_size_decrease","Decrease font size","font_size_increase","Increase font size","high_contrast","High contrast","grayscale","Grayscale","interface_language","Interface","content_language","Content language","content_language_auto","Auto (follow interface)","content_language_note","Language of the displayed data (names, titles, texts). 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