[{"_1":2,"_3":-5,"_4":-5},"loaderData",{"_5":6,"_7":8,"_9":10,"_11":12,"_13":14},"actionData","errors","root",{"_1657":1754},"routes/layouts/lang_layout",{"_216":1600,"_1601":1602},"routes/layouts/data_dashboard_layout",{"_216":217},"routes/layouts/affairs_result_layout",{"_15":64},"routes/pages/opd/affairs/affairs_id_docs",{"_15":16},"data",{"_17":18,"_19":20,"_21":22,"_23":24},"affair",{"_28":29,"_30":31,"_32":33,"_34":35,"_36":35,"_37":38,"_39":-5,"_40":-5,"_41":-5,"_42":-5,"_43":-5,"_44":-5,"_45":46,"_47":-5,"_48":49,"_50":51,"_52":-5,"_53":54,"_55":56,"_57":-5,"_58":-5,"_59":-5,"_60":61,"_62":63},"docs",{"_25":24,"_26":27},"limit",20,"offset",0,"total_count","items",[],"id",100728,"body_id",320,"body_key","2581","number","376240","external_id","external_alternative_id","376240, 376241","type_harmonized_id","type_harmonized_wikidata_id","state_name_harmonized_id","active","type_external_id","state_external_id","begin_date",1495058400000,"end_date","created_at",1755150288000,"updated_at",1779603835000,"updated_external_at","title","Öffentlicher Raum für Alle","title_long","Dringliche Interpellation Fraktion SP/Junge SP bezgl. Öffentlicher Raum für Alle","type_harmonized","type_name","state_name_harmonized","state_name","Interpellation","url_external","https://www.olten.ch/politbusiness/376240",{"_17":65,"_66":67,"_68":69,"_70":71,"_72":73,"_74":75,"_19":76,"_77":78},{"_28":29,"_30":31,"_32":33,"_34":35,"_36":35,"_37":38,"_39":-5,"_40":-5,"_41":-5,"_42":-5,"_43":-5,"_44":-5,"_45":46,"_47":-5,"_48":49,"_50":51,"_52":-5,"_53":54,"_55":56,"_57":-5,"_58":-5,"_59":-5,"_60":61,"_62":63},"bodies",{"_25":101,"_26":176},"agendas",{"_25":101,"_26":155},"votings",{"_25":24,"_26":154},"events",{"_25":79,"_26":126},"contributors",{"_25":101,"_26":102},{"_25":24,"_26":100},"texts",{"_25":79,"_26":80},2,[81,82],{"_28":98,"_30":31,"_32":33,"_36":35,"_85":29,"_86":-5,"_87":88,"_89":90,"_48":91,"_50":92,"_52":-5,"_93":94,"_95":99,"_97":54},{"_28":83,"_30":31,"_32":33,"_36":84,"_85":29,"_86":-5,"_87":88,"_89":90,"_48":91,"_50":92,"_52":-5,"_93":94,"_95":96,"_97":54},2418,"376241","affair_id","type_en","text_format","html","text_date","2017-05-17",1742769571000,1783300547000,"type","Beschreibung","text","Die Dringlichkeit der Interpellation Fraktion SP/Junge SP bezgl. Öffentlicher Raum für Alle wurde mit 44:0 Stimmen bei 1 Enthaltung genehmigt.\n","affair_title",2417,"\"Am 16. Mai 2017 hat die SP Olten/Junge SP Region Olten zuhanden der Parlamentssitzung vom 18. Mai 2017 folgende dringliche Interpellation eingereicht:

«Aufgrund der anscheinend gehäuft vorkommenden Wegweisungen im Bereich des Ländiwegs in der letzten Zeit, wird der Stadtrat ersucht zu den Beweggründen Stellung zu nehmen.

Wie viele Wegweisungen hat es seit dem 1.4.2017 gegeben? Ist diese Anzahl höher als in vergangenen Zeitabschnitten?
Wie wurden die jeweiligen Wegweisungen begründet?
Welche alternativen Ansätze wurden geprüft?
Was ist die Position des Stadtrats zu den in letzter Zeit vermehrt vorkommenden Wegweisungen? Welche Rolle übernimmt der Stadtrat dabei und welches sind seine Handlungsmöglichkeiten?
Wie wird die Verhältnismässigkeit der Massnahme der Wegweisung begründet? Wie wird insbesondere die Grösse der Zone gerechtfertigt? (vgl. Bild im Anhang)
Wie wird sichergestellt, dass bei einer Wegweisung, die das Bahnhofsareal umfasst, die persönliche Freiheit nicht unverhältnismässig eingeschränkt wird?
Werden alle anwesenden Personen gleichermassen kontrolliert, wenn eine Personenkontrolle in der Zone durchgeführt wird?
In welcher Form und mit welcher Häufigkeit wurden Drittpersonen von den jeweils weg-gewiesenen Personen belästigt oder gar gefährdet, so dass eine Wegweisung gerechtfertigt war? Wie weiss der Stadtrat oder die Polizei bestimmt, dass er tatsächlich die Personen erwischt hat, die sich gem. Art. 37 des Solothurner Polizeigesetzes fehlerhaft verhalten haben?
Was versteht der Stadtrat unter der bestimmungsmässigen Nutzung des öffentlichen Raums am Ländiweg (und Umgebung)? Ist es möglich, dass Personen, die sich keinem Vergehen schuldig gemacht haben, der Zone verwiesen werden?
Wie gedenkt der Stadtrat mit diesen aus unserer Sicht mutmasslichen Grundrechtsverletzungen umzugehen? Wie wird der Stadtrat diesbezüglich intervenieren (bspw. beim Kanton)?

Nach Presseberichten über verschiedene unangenehme Vorfälle sind am Ländiweg in den vergangenen Wochen nahezu täglich Polizeikontrollen durchgeführt worden.

Die Fraktion SP/JSP setzt sich dafür ein, dass gewährleistet ist, dass unabhängig von gesellschaftlichem Status, Religion, Hautfarbe, Nationalität und äusserem Erscheinungsbild, alle Passant*innen auf gleicher Basis behandelt werden.

Insbesondere soll gewährleistet sein, dass allfällige willkürliche Wegweisungen mit allen Mitteln verhindert werden und die einschneidende Massnahme der Wegweisung nur in klar begründeten Fällen angewendet wird.»

* * * * * * * * *

Stadträtin Iris Schelbert-Widmer beantwortet die Interpellation im Namen des Stadtrats wie folgt:

Zu den Fragen der Interpellanten

Wie viele Wegweisungen hat es seit dem 1.4.2017 gegeben? Ist diese Anzahl höher als in vergangenen Zeitabschnitten?

Die Polizei Kanton Solothurn hat seit Anfang Jahr mehrere Spezialkontrollen am Ländiweg durchgeführt. Zudem wird dieser Bereich (inkl. Bahnhof) mehrmals täglich in die ordentliche Kontroll- und Patrouillentätigkeiten miteinbezogen. Die Polizei ist demzufolge am Ländiweg in verschiedenen Ausprägungen präsent. Von Januar bis Mitte Mai 2017 fanden 72 Kontrollen (2016: 108 Kontrollen für das ganze Jahr) statt.

2. Wie wurden die jeweiligen Wegweisungen begründet?

Die administrative Wegweisung und Fernhaltung setzt kein strafbares Verhalten voraus. Die Kontrollen zeigen jedoch, dass auch strafbare Handlungen festgestellt werden: In erster Linie handelt es sich um Widerhandlungen gegen das Betäubungsmittelgesetz, konkret Besitz (meist im Bereich der Ordnungsbussen) oder Handel mit Drogen. Hinzu kommen Verstösse gegen kantonale Gesetze, z.B. unanständiges Benehmen in der Öffentlichkeit, Littering, Missachten der Leinenpflicht und Verstösse gegen amtliche Auflagen (bspw. Ausländer/Asylbewerber, die sich nicht in dem Gebiet aufhalten dürfen). Es werden auch Personen angetroffen, die im Bundes-Fahndungssystem ausgeschrieben sind. Oft geht es hierbei um Aufenthaltsnachforschung oder Umwandlungshaft, weil Bussen/Geldstrafen nicht bezahlt wurden. Es soll nicht verschwiegen werden, dass im Jahre 2017 auch leider zwei Gewaltstraftaten zu verzeichnen waren. Aus all diesen Gründen finden am Ländiweg vermehrt Kontrollen statt.

Gestützt auf § 37 des Gesetzes über die Kantonspolizei vom 23. September 1990 (KapoG; BGS 511.11) wurden 2017 im Rahmen dieser Kontrollen 47 Wegweisungs- beziehungsweise Fernhalteverfügungen eröffnet. Es dürfte kaum überraschen, dass sich die Verfügungen vom Ländiweg gestützt auf Buchstabe d des genannten Paragrafen als notwendig erwiesen haben. Die Bestimmung bezweckt, Dritten (z.B. Passanten, Anwohnern) die bestimmungsmässige Nutzung des öffentlichen Raums zu ermöglichen. Wer Drittpersonen durch belästigendes oder gefährdendes Verhalten daran hindert, kann weggewiesen werden. Konkret erfolgten die Wegweisungen, weil es zu Pöbeleien gegenüber Passanten kam, ihnen der Durchgang versperrt wurde, das Areal durch freilaufende Hunde und übermässig laute Musik übermässig genutzt wurde, es zu lautstarkem Streit oder Handgreiflichkeiten innerhalb von Personenansammlungen oder zur Verunreinigung des Geländes durch herumliegende Flaschen und anderem Abfall kam. Es handelte sich jeweils um eine eigentliche Inbeschlagnahme des Ländiwegs, welche geeignet war, Dritten Angst einzuflössen und sie an der bestimmungsgemässen Nutzung zu hindern. Die Polizei Kanton Solothurn wahrt die Recht- und die Verhältnismässigkeit. Auffallend ist im Übrigen, dass die meisten weggewiesenen Personen nicht in Olten wohnen.

3. Welche alternativen Ansätze wurden geprüft?
Der Stadtrat hat unter der Leitung der Sozialdirektion eine Projektgruppe «Sicherheit im öffentlichen Raum» eingesetzt. Die Arbeitsgruppe dient als Gefäss zur Meinungsbildung im Zusammenhang mit der aktuellen Sicherheitssituation im öffentlichen Raum. Mögliche Massnahmen können diskutiert, bewertet und vorgeschlagen werden. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeitsgruppe werden umgehend dem Stadtrat mitgeteilt.

Gestützt auf erste Ergebnisse und die Berichterstattung hat der Stadtrat folgende Aufträge formuliert:

Erarbeitung von Grundlagen für einen Entscheid bezüglich Videoüberwachung
Erarbeitung von Grundlagen für die Erweiterung der Öffnungszeiten der Stadtküche
Abklärungen der Möglichkeiten aufsuchender Sozialarbeit
Schaffung einer Platzordnung mit Alkoholverbot prüfen.

4. Was ist die Position des Stadtrats zu den in letzter Zeit vermehrt vorkommenden Wegweisungen? Welche Rolle übernimmt der Stadtrat dabei und welches sind seine Handlungsmöglichkeiten?
Der Stadtrat unterstützt die Massnahmen der Polizei Kanton Solothurn wie auch die Wegweisungen. Die Wegweisungen haben gezeigt, dass es sich bei 95% um Personen handelt, welche nicht in Olten oder der umliegenden Region ansässig sind. Der Aufenthalt dieser Personen beinhaltet ungerechtfertigtes und gesetzwidriges Verhalten. Der Stadtrat toleriert am Ländiweg, wie auch auf dem ganzen Stadtgebiet nur rechtmässiges Verhalten, auch in Bezug auf den Aufenthalt im gesamten öffentlichen Raum.

Seit der Integration der Stadtpolizei in die Polizei Kanton Solothurn finden regelmässige (alle drei Wochen) Sitzungen zwischen dem Leiter Öffentliche Sicherheit und dem Regionenchef Olten statt, in welchem die Sicherheitsbelange im öffentlichen Raum eingebracht, koordiniert und abgesprochen werden.

Die Sicherheitsdirektorin wird laufend über besondere Ereignisse, wie zum Beispiel am 21. April 2017, über die vorgesehenen täglichen Kontrollen durch den Regionenchef Olten informiert. Die intensiveren Kontrolltätigkeiten hat der Stadtrat nach den vorhergehenden Vorkommnissen und den darauffolgenden Medienberichten begrüsst.

5. Wie wird die Verhältnismässigkeit der Massnahme der Wegweisung begründet? Wie wird insbesondere die Grösse der Zone gerechtfertigt? (vgl. Bild im Anhang)
Der Stadtrat hat Zonen für Freihalteverfügungen auf Empfehlung der Polizei Kanton Solothurn, früher Stadtpolizei Olten, bestätigt. Der festgelegte Perimeter soll insbesondere dazu dienen, eine Verdrängung an andere Örtlichkeiten und die Bildung neuer unerwünschter Brennpunkte zu verhindern. Aus diesem Grund umfasst die Zone neben dem Bahnhofsgelände auch Schul- und Parkanlagen.

Der Umfang der Zone wird daher als zweckmässig und verhältnismässig betrachtet. Bis-lang wurden mit dieser Zonenlegung keine nachteiligen Erfahrungen festgestellt.

6. Wie wird sichergestellt, dass bei einer Wegweisung, die das Bahnhofsareal umfasst, die persönliche Freiheit nicht unverhältnismässig eingeschränkt wird?

Die Verhältnismässigkeit wird insbesondere dadurch gewahrt, dass eine Fernhalteverfügung den (längerdauernden) Aufenthalt in der Zone verbietet. Das Durchqueren der Zone bleibt selbstverständlich zulässig. Somit ist der direkte Weg, beispielsweise vom Bahnhofplatz zur Suchthilfe, oder ein Arbeitsweg über den Bahnhof Olten gestattet.

7. Werden alle anwesenden Personen gleichermassen kontrolliert, wenn eine Personenkontrolle in der Zone durchgeführt wird?

Es ist keineswegs verboten, sich am Ländiweg aufzuhalten. Am Ländiweg und rund um den Hauptbahnhof Olten halten sich vor allem bei wärmeren Temperaturen Personen mit unterschiedlichsten Bedürfnissen (Pendler, Erholungssuchende, Anwohner) auf. Verbunden mit der Enge des Weges kann dies zu Verunsicherungen führen.

Personenkontrollen dürfen nur durchgeführt werden, wenn diese zur Aufgabenerfüllung nötig und geeignet sind. Ausserdem hängt die Anzahl Kontrollierter von den verfügbaren polizeilichen Einsatzkräften ab. Neben der Notwendigkeit der Kontrolle ist eine Priorisierung deshalb unumgänglich. Dabei wird den polizeilichen Erfahrungswerten Rechnung getragen.

8. In welcher Form und mit welcher Häufigkeit wurden Drittpersonen von den jeweils weg-gewiesenen Personen belästigt oder gar gefährdet, so dass eine Wegweisung gerecht-fertigt war? Wie weiss der Stadtrat oder die Polizei bestimmt, dass er tatsächlich die Personen erwischt hat, die sich gem. Art. 37 des Solothurner Polizeigesetzes fehlerhaft verhalten haben?
Wir verweisen auf die Antworten zu den Fragen 2 und 7. Ergänzend fügen wir an, dass die Fernhalteverfügungen aufgrund von Feststellungen und Beobachtungen der kontrollierenden Polizeiangehörigen erfolgen. Im Übrigen kann sich jede betroffene Person im Rahmen der Gewährung des rechtlichen Gehörs zu den Vorhaltungen und der beabsichtigten Fernhalteverfügung äussern. Daneben kommt es zu Meldungen betroffener Dritter an die Polizei. Seit Anfang März 2017 beispielsweise verzeichnet die Polizei Kanton Solothurn vermehrt Meldungen von Passanten, welche Angst haben, am Ländiweg vorbei zu gehen. Neben dem Versperren des Weges gingen Meldungen über anstössiges Verhalten ein. Ähnliche Meldungen wurden bezüglich Bahnhofareal gemacht.

Der Stadtrat vertraut in Bezug auf die Kontrolle von Personen vollumfänglich der Polizeiarbeit und erwartet dabei rechtmässiges und verhältnismässiges Handeln.

9. Was versteht der Stadtrat unter der bestimmungsmässigen Nutzung des öffentlichen Raums am Ländiweg (und Umgebung)? Ist es möglich, dass Personen, die sich keinem Vergehen schuldig gemacht haben, der Zone verwiesen werden?

Der Stadtrat ist der Meinung, dass der Ländiweg und das Aaremürli als Aufenthaltsraum genutzt wird. Es muss aber bei so engen Platzverhältnissen klar sein, dass gegenseitige Rücksichtnahme unabdinglich ist. Der Stadtrat versteht unter bestimmungsmässigem Nutzen des öffentlichen Raums am Ländiweg und in der ganzen Stadt, dass sich Personen jeglichen Alters und Geschlechts zu jeder Tageszeit bewegen und aufhalten können und dabei andere Personen in ihrer gleichwertigen Nutzung nicht behindern. Auch in Bezug auf Ruhe und Ordnung wird anständiges und rücksichtsvolles Verhalten gegen-über aller Personen erwartet.

10. Wie gedenkt der Stadtrat mit diesen aus unserer Sicht mutmasslichen Grundrechtsverletzungen umzugehen? Wie wird der Stadtrat diesbezüglich intervenieren (bspw. beim Kanton)?

Der Stadtrat stellt keine Grundrechtsverletzungen fest und sieht in Bezug auf die Wegweisungen keinen Handlungsbedarf. Für die verhältnismässigen Grundrechtseinschränkungen besteht die notwendige Rechtsgrundlage und das überwiegende öffentliche Interesse. Im Übrigen steht jeder betroffenen Person ein individuelles Beschwerderecht zu. Für den ordentlichen Aufenthalt hat der Stadtrat eine Projektgruppe (siehe Antwort zur Frage 3) eingesetzt. Diese Projektgruppe erarbeitet für die Stadt mögliche Handlungsmassnahmen, wie die Erteilung einer Platzordnung und/oder die Anbringung von Videoaufzeichnungsgeräten, usw.\"\n",[],1,[103],{"_28":104,"_30":31,"_32":33,"_36":105,"_85":29,"_106":-5,"_107":-5,"_108":109,"_110":-5,"_111":-5,"_93":112,"_113":-5,"_114":115,"_116":115,"_117":115,"_118":-5,"_119":101,"_48":120,"_50":-5,"_52":-5,"_121":-5,"_122":123,"_124":-5,"_125":-5},104030,"376240_1","news_id","person_id","group_id",446,"meeting_id","session_id","group","role_external_id","firstname","Fraktion SP/Junge 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members…","controls_search_placeholder_memberships","Search memberships…","controls_search_placeholder_interests","Search interests…","controls_search_placeholder_organizations","Search organizations…","controls_search_placeholder_votes","Search votes…","controls_search_placeholder_access_badges","Search access badges…","controls_search_placeholder_contributors","Search contributions…","controls_search_placeholder_speeches","Search speeches…","controls_search_hint_people","Searches names, place and postcode.","controls_search_hint_memberships","Searches group/body name, function and membership type.","controls_search_hint_interests","Searches organisation name, function and parliamentary group.","controls_search_hint_votes","Searches the voting title and the affair title.","controls_search_hint_access_badges","Searches guests' name and organisation.","controls_search_hint_contributors","Searches the affair title.","controls_search_hint_speeches","Searches the speech text.","controls_sort_status","Sorted by {field}, {direction}","sort_affair_date","Affair date","sort_role","Role","sort_affair_type","Affair type","sort_affair_number","Affair number","sort_valid_from","Valid from","sort_valid_to","Valid until","sort_version","facet_latest","Latest","gender_f","Female","gender_m","Male","gender_d","Diverse","lang_de","German","lang_fr","French","lang_it","Italian","lang_rm","Romansh","lang_en","English","lang_es","Spanish","bodies_title","affairs_title","no_bodies","No institutions found.","facet_has_parliament","With parliament","sort_canton","Canton","sort_position","Order","sort_population","Population","controls_search_placeholder_bodies","Search institutions…","controls_search_hint_bodies","Searches name, canton and key.","body_population","Residents","body_seats","Seats","controls_no_results","No matches for your search.","controls_loading","Loading results…","body_section_profile","Profile","body_has_parliament","Has parliament","body_languages","Languages","body_seats_legislative","Seats (legislative)","body_executive","Executive","body_seats_executive","Seats (executive)","body_consultations","Consultations","body_elections_votings","Elections & votings","body_flag","Flag","body_key_label","Body key","body_source_lang","Source language","body_people_directory_title","All people of this institution","body_composition_title","Current composition","body_chambers_title","Chambers","body_votings_title","no_votings","No recorded votings.","controls_search_placeholder_votings","Search votings…","controls_search_hint_votings","body_affairs_title","no_affairs","No recorded affairs.","affair_untitled","Untitled affair","affair_long_title","Full title","affair_number","Number","affair_official_record","affair_external_id","External ID","affair_agenda_section","Agenda items","controls_search_placeholder_affairs","Search affairs…","controls_search_hint_affairs","Searches affair title and affair number.","sort_affair_title","facet_state","State","view_all_votings","View all votings","view_all_affairs","View all affairs","external_link","External link","docs_title","docs_loading","Searching documents…","section_docs","no_docs","No documents.","view_all_docs","View all documents","controls_search_placeholder_docs","Search documents…","controls_search_hint_docs","Searches name and category.","facet_category","Category","facet_format","Format","facet_lang","facet_case","Case sensitive","facet_word","Whole word","facet_match_on","facet_match_off","section_events","no_events","No recorded events.","view_all_events","View full timeline","controls_search_placeholder_events","Search events…","controls_search_hint_events","Searches title, actor and details.","facet_actor_type","Actor type","event_untitled","Event","texts_title","texts_loading","Searching texts…","section_texts","no_texts","No texts.","view_all_texts","View all texts","controls_search_placeholder_texts","Search texts…","controls_search_hint_texts","Searches type and body text.","sort_type","text_untitled","Text","facet_position_country","facet_position_canton","facet_position_city","City","facet_position_commune","Commune","facet_position_other","Other","votings_title","voting_result_section","voting_decision","Decision","voting_meaning_yes","A yes means","voting_meaning_no","A no means","voting_affair","voting_chart_title","How they voted","voting_chart_alt","Seat map of {count} members, coloured by {mode}. {summary}","voting_table_alt","Table of how {count} members voted, one row per member, with their party and parliamentary group.","chart_export","chart_export_title","Export chart","chart_export_failed","Export failed.","chart_exporting","Exporting…","chart_download","Download","chart_close","chart_fullscreen","Fullscreen","chart_title","chart_title_ph","Optional title","chart_subtitle","Subtitle","chart_subtitle_ph","Optional subtitle","chart_colors","Colours & labels","chart_color_for","Colour for","chart_label_for","Label for","chart_reset","chart_order","chart_output","Output","chart_format","chart_theme","Theme","chart_theme_light","Light","chart_theme_dark","Dark","chart_size","Size","chart_options","Options","chart_show_legend","Show legend","chart_transparent","Transparent background","chart_interactive","Interactive","chart_credits","Credit","voting_chart_no_votes","No votes recorded.","voting_chart_seats","seats","voting_chart_no_seatmap","No seat data available.","voting_chart_col_person","Person","voting_chart_col_party","voting_chart_col_group","voting_chart_col_vote","voting_chart_by_party","Vote by party","voting_chart_by_party_seats","Seats by party","voting_chart_colour_by","Colour seats by","voting_chart_majority","Majority","voting_chart_edit","Edit & export","voting_chart_seat_note","Seat positions are illustrative, not the real chamber layout. Open the editor to rearrange the colours, labels and order, and export.","speeches_title","speeches_loading","Searching speeches…","speech_person","Speaker","speech_body","Institution","speech_affair","speech_meeting","groups_title","no_groups","No groups found.","group_untitled","Untitled group","section_meetings","no_meetings","No recorded meetings.","view_all_meetings","View all meetings","meetings_title","meeting_untitled","meeting_upcoming","Upcoming","facet_time","When","facet_upcoming","facet_past","Past","group_abbreviation","Abbreviation","group_description","Description","group_official_record","Official page","group_contact","member_unknown","section_votings","interests_title","interest_details","Details","interest_person","Declared by","interest_body","Granting body","interest_role","interest_type","interest_group","interest_place","Place","interest_period","Period","meeting_details","meeting_type","meeting_state","meeting_number","meeting_location","Location","meeting_period","meeting_group","meeting_body","group_type","description","controls_search_placeholder_meetings","Search meetings …","controls_search_hint_meetings","Name, location or description","section_agendas","no_agendas","No agenda items.","view_all_agendas","View all agenda items","agenda_untitled","speech_speaker_unknown","video","doc_untitled","Document","doc_body","doc_affair","doc_meeting","doc_agenda","section_contributors","Contributors","no_contributors","No contributors.","view_all_contributors","View all contributors","sort_number","topics_title","Most-used words","topics_intro","The words this person uses most across their speeches, with common filler words removed. Tile size shows how often a word is used.","topics_all_time","All time","topics_last_4y","Last 4 years","topics_last_8y","Last 8 years","topics_from","topics_to","topics_speeches","speeches","topics_words","words (filtered)","topics_distinct","distinct words","topics_uses","uses","topics_alt","Treemap of the {count} most-used words, sized by how often each is used. {ctx}","topics_table_alt","Table of the {count} most-used words and how often each is used. {ctx}","topics_table_toggle","Show as table","topics_table_word","Word","topics_empty","No speeches with usable text in this period. Try widening the range.","loyalty_title","Party loyalty","loyalty_subtitle","Share of a member's votes cast against their group's majority line (higher = more independent). Abstentions count as a position.","loyalty_axis","Dissent rate: share of votes against own group","loyalty_dissent","dissent","loyalty_ballots","votes","loyalty_empty","No votes in this period meet the thresholds for a loyalty score. Widen the range.","loyalty_chart_alt","Beeswarm plot of the dissent rate of {count} members, one dot per member, coloured by party. {ctx}","loyalty_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their votes, dissents and dissent rate. {ctx}","loyalty_col_member","loyalty_col_party","loyalty_col_group","loyalty_col_ballots","loyalty_col_dissents","Against","loyalty_col_rate","Dissent","loyalty_from","loyalty_to","loyalty_scale","Scale","loyalty_scale_log","Log","loyalty_scale_linear","Linear","cohesion_title","Group cohesion","cohesion_hint","mean Agreement Index (1 = unanimous)","section_alignment","Voting alignment","no_alignment","Not enough shared votes to compare.","view_all_alignment","View full alignment","alignment_agreed_of_shared","agreed on {agreed} of {shared} shared votes","sort_agreement","Agreement","sort_shared","Shared votes","facet_min_shared","Min. shared","min_shared_10","≥ 10","min_shared_20","≥ 20","min_shared_50","≥ 50","min_shared_100","≥ 100","section_body_alignment","body_alignment_subtitle","How members of this chamber vote relative to one another, from the votes they have in common. In the map, members who vote alike sit close together and opponents far apart. Colours are parties, so blocs and coalitions show up as clusters. The grid gives the average agreement between each pair of parties (the diagonal is each party's own internal cohesion).","alignment_from","alignment_to","alignment_view","View","alignment_view_scatter","Map","alignment_view_heatmap","Party grid","alignment_empty","Not enough votes in this window to build the model.","alignment_window_note","Most meaningful within a single legislative period: the model compares members from the votes they have in common. If the window spans an election or a change in composition, members with different terms barely overlap and positions become less comparable.","alignment_no_parties","No party groups to compare in this window.","alignment_scatter_alt","Scatter plot of {count} members placed by how similarly they voted, coloured by party. {ctx}","alignment_pairs","pairs","alignment_heatmap_note","Each cell is the average agreement between members of the two parties (diagonal = a party's internal cohesion). ± is the 95% confidence range and n the number of member-pairs behind it. A small range over many pairs means the alignment is well-established; a wide range means it's only suggestive.","alignment_heatmap_alt","Grid of the average voting agreement between {count} parties. {ctx}","alignment_members_heading","Members","alignment_members_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their agreement with the chamber and with their own party. {ctx}","alignment_col_member","alignment_col_party","alignment_col_votes","alignment_col_chamber","Aligns with chamber","alignment_col_party_align","Within party","alignment_zoom_in","Zoom in","alignment_zoom_out","Zoom out","alignment_zoom_reset","Reset zoom","alignment_filters","Filters","section_lobby","Lobby network","lobby_subtitle","The organizations members of this chamber declare in their register of interests, and where those ties overlap. In the network, members are dots (coloured by party) and organizations shared by two or more members are squares. Members who share the same organizations pull together. The breakdown shows how many mandates are paid versus unpaid, and who holds the most.","lobby_empty","No declared interests for this chamber in this window.","lobby_no_shared","No organizations are shared by two or more members here. See the breakdown.","lobby_network_alt","Network graph of {members} members and the {orgs} organizations they share, linked by declared interests. {ctx}","lobby_mandates","mandates","lobby_members_tied","members","lobby_unknown","Unknown","lobby_org_node","Organization","lobby_payment_heading","Paid vs unpaid mandates","lobby_top_orgs","Most-shared organizations","lobby_top_members","Members by mandates","discussion_title","Speech profiles","discussion_intro","Where members sit on a latent axis derived purely from the words they use in their speeches (Wordfish scaling).","discussion_calculating","Scaling speeches…","lobby_calculating","Computing lobby network…","discussion_error","The speech scaling could not be computed.","discussion_converged","Model converged","discussion_not_converged","Model did not fully converge. Read positions with extra caution.","discussion_members_scored","Members scored","discussion_vocab","Vocabulary","discussion_window","Window","discussion_show_all","discussion_show_reliable","Reliable only","discussion_methodology","How this is computed","discussion_range_label","Time range","discussion_range_1y","1 year","discussion_range_2y","2 years","discussion_range_4y","4 years","discussion_range_8y","8 years","discussion_plot_alt","Beeswarm plot of {count} members placed along a word-choice axis, one dot per member. {ctx}","discussion_plot_caption","Each dot is one member, placed by the words they use in their speeches. Members who reach for the same distinctive words sit close together; members who talk very differently sit far apart. So a member's spot isn't assigned by us; it comes out of how they actually speak. For example, someone who keeps saying “tax”, “budget” and “spending” lands far from someone who mostly says “asylum”, “border” and “integration”. Hover any dot for its details. Filled dots have enough speech to place reliably; hollow rings spoke too little, so read their position with caution.","discussion_empty","No speeches are available for this parliament, so its members can't be placed on the axis. This scaling reads the words members actually speak, and the data set only holds speech transcripts for a few parliaments: the federal chambers and a handful of cantons such as Bern, Basel-Stadt or St. Gallen. You can also try a longer time range above.","discussion_empty_sparse","There is too little speech transcript text for this parliament to place its members on the axis. Try a longer time range above.","discussion_pole_a","One pole","discussion_pole_b","Other pole","discussion_col_party","discussion_key_filled","Enough text (reliable)","discussion_key_ring","Below the word floor (low confidence)","discussion_align_title","Does the axis track party?","discussion_align_hint","How much of the spread in positions is explained by party membership (η²): 100% = parties are perfectly separated, ~0% = party tells you nothing.","discussion_align_strong","parties are clearly separated","discussion_align_moderate","parties are partly separated","discussion_align_weak","party barely explains the axis","discussion_poles_title","What the axis is made of","discussion_poles_hint","The words that most pull members towards each pole. The axis only means something once you read these. Its direction is arbitrary.","discussion_no_party","No party","discussion_col_name","discussion_col_position","Position","discussion_col_words","Words","discussion_col_speeches","discussion_low_confidence","low confidence","discussion_table_title","discussion_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their position on the word-choice axis. {ctx}","discussion_read_title","How to read this","discussion_read_direction","The axis direction is arbitrary: Wordfish finds the split, not which side is “left” or “right”. Read the word poles to see what each side means.","discussion_read_uncertainty","Positions are standardized, so the spread is a convention, not a real distance. Wider error bars (and hollow dots) mean less certainty, so don't over-read those members.","discussion_read_confound","Speech style reflects role as much as ideology: committee chairs, ministers and frequent speakers can land at a pole because of what they do, not only what they believe.","organizations_title","organizations_none","No organizations.","org_members","org_mandates","org_bodies","org_members_heading","org_members_table_alt","Table of {count} members with their party, body, role, payment and period. {ctx}","org_no_members","No members.","org_col_member","org_col_party","org_col_body","org_col_role","org_col_payment","Payment","org_col_period","sort_members","sort_mandates","Mandates","interest_unknown","lobby_panel_person","Declared organizations","lobby_panel_org","Members with this mandate","lobby_table_heading","Who is tied to what","lobby_table_explain","The full matrix marks every member against every shared organization: one dot per declared tie, the exhaustive view of who is tied to what.","lobby_table_large","For this chamber that is","lobby_table_cells","cells","lobby_table_show","Show table","lobby_table_alt","Table marking each of {count} members against the {orgs} organizations they are tied to, one dot per declared tie. {ctx}","lobby_select_hint","Select a member or organization to see its ties.","close","not_found_person","Person not found","not_found_body","Parliament not found","not_found_affair","Affair not found","not_found_group","Committee or group not found","not_found_voting","Voting not found","not_found_meeting","Meeting not found","not_found_interest","Interest not found","not_found_organization","Organization not found","not_found_text","Text not found","not_found_doc","Document not found","not_found_speech","Speech not found","not_found_hint","There is no entry with the ID {id}. It may have been removed, or the link may be outdated.","not_found_back","Back to the overview","about","About","faq","FAQ","section_title","section_title_bodies","section_title_affairs","section_title_votings","section_title_texts","section_title_docs","section_subtitle_search","section_subtitle_discussion",{"_1549":1550,"_1566":751,"_1567":1568,"_1569":1570,"_1571":925,"_1256":514,"_1230":313,"_74":518,"_1572":521,"_1555":323,"_1573":1574,"_1575":722,"_1362":273,"_70":283,"_1552":425,"_19":293,"_72":524,"_77":303,"_1576":1035,"_1577":1169,"_1578":1205,"_1579":1169,"_1580":1581,"_1582":1169,"_1583":1584,"_1585":514,"_1586":690,"_1587":1169,"_1588":1570,"_1589":518,"_1556":392,"_1590":1591,"_1168":1169,"_1592":630,"_1181":1169,"_68":529,"_1593":1390,"_1594":1248,"_1595":1284,"_1596":1574,"_1597":1374,"_1557":333,"_1598":1366,"_1599":1169},"section_switcher",{"_1547":1548,"_1549":1550,"_1551":273,"_66":469,"_70":283,"_1552":425,"_1553":359,"_1230":313,"_77":303,"_1554":293,"_1555":323,"_1556":392,"_1557":333,"_1558":1559,"_1560":1561,"_1562":1563,"_1564":1565},"section_title_speeches","section_title_groups","section_title_interests","section_title_meetings","section_title_organizations","label_section","Section","home","Home","people","affairs","groups","documents","interests","meetings","organizations","group_parliament","Actors","group_proceedings","Proceedings","group_records","Records","group_lobbying","Lobbying","search","eyebrow","Data on {{name}}","overview","Overview","personal_data","memberships","access_badges","Lobby","images","texts_overview","text_details","docs_overview","doc_details","votings_overview","Voting","voting_details","voting_diagram","Diagram","voting_tally","speeches_overview","speech_details","groups_overview","contributions","interests_overview","Interest","meetings_overview","vocabulary","loyalty","alignment","lobby","discussion","organizations_overview","org_details",{"_1657":1658,"_1659":1660,"_1601":1661,"_224":1662},"intro",{"_1603":1604,"_1605":1606,"_1607":1608,"_1609":1610,"_1611":1612,"_1613":1614,"_1615":1616},"en",{"_1617":1652,"_1619":1653,"_1621":1654,"_1623":1655,"_1625":1656},"de",{"_1617":1647,"_1619":1648,"_1621":1649,"_1623":1650,"_1625":1651},"fr",{"_1617":1642,"_1619":1643,"_1621":1644,"_1623":1645,"_1625":1646},"it",{"_1617":1637,"_1619":1638,"_1621":1639,"_1623":1640,"_1625":1641},"es",{"_1617":1632,"_1619":1633,"_1621":1634,"_1623":1635,"_1625":1636},"pt",{"_1617":1627,"_1619":1628,"_1621":1629,"_1623":1630,"_1625":1631},"rm",{"_1617":1618,"_1619":1620,"_1621":1622,"_1623":1624,"_1625":1626},"cookie","Nus duvrain mo cookies essenzials e funcziunals. Nagina analitica, nagin tracking.","dataLang","La Svizra ha quatter linguas naziunalas, e questas datas datti en pliras da quellas. Intgins records èn plurilings, auters mo en ina lingua. Vus pudais tscherner en tge lingua ch'il cuntegn vegn mussà; sche vossa tscherna n'è betg disponibla per in record, vegnan duvradas las autras linguas en in urden da prioritad fix. Quai è independent da la lingua da l'interfatscha. As lascha reglar sut Configuraziuns › Lingua dal cuntegn (sura a dretga).","alt","Questa pagina è era disponibla per rumantsch.","switch","Mussar per rumantsch","dismiss","Betg pli mussar","Utilizamos apenas cookies essenciais e funcionais. Sem análises, sem rastreio.","A Suíça tem quatro línguas nacionais, e estes dados existem em várias delas. Alguns registos estão em várias línguas, outros apenas numa. Pode escolher em que idioma os conteúdos são apresentados; quando a sua escolha não está disponível para um registo, as restantes línguas são usadas por uma ordem de prioridade fixa. Isto é independente do idioma da interface. Configure em Definições › Idioma dos conteúdos (canto superior direito).","Esta página também está disponível em português.","Ver em português","Não mostrar novamente","Solo utilizamos cookies esenciales y funcionales. Sin análisis, sin seguimiento.","Suiza tiene cuatro lenguas nacionales, y estos datos existen en varias de ellas. Algunos registros están en varias lenguas, otros en una sola. Puede elegir en qué idioma se muestra el contenido; cuando su elección no está disponible para un registro, se utilizan las demás lenguas en un orden de prioridad fijo. Esto es independiente del idioma de la interfaz. Configúrelo en Ajustes › Idioma del contenido (arriba a la derecha).","Esta página también está disponible en español.","Ver en español","No volver a mostrar","Utilizziamo solo cookie essenziali e funzionali. Nessuna analisi, nessun tracciamento.","La Svizzera ha quattro lingue nazionali e questi dati esistono in diverse di esse. Alcune voci sono in più lingue, altre in una sola. Puoi scegliere in quale lingua mostrare i contenuti; se la tua scelta non è disponibile per una voce, vengono usate le altre lingue secondo un ordine di priorità prestabilito. Questo è indipendente dalla lingua dell'interfaccia. Impostabile in Impostazioni › Lingua del contenuto (in alto a destra).","Questa pagina è disponibile anche in italiano.","Vedi in italiano","Non mostrare più","Nous utilisons uniquement des cookies essentiels et fonctionnels. Aucune analyse, aucun suivi.","La Suisse a quatre langues nationales, et ces données existent dans plusieurs d'entre elles. Certaines entrées sont en plusieurs langues, d'autres dans une seule. Vous pouvez choisir la langue d'affichage du contenu ; si votre choix n'est pas disponible pour une entrée, les autres langues sont utilisées selon un ordre de priorité défini. Ceci est indépendant de la langue de l'interface. Réglable dans Paramètres › Langue du contenu (en haut à droite).","Cette page est aussi disponible en français.","Voir en français","Ne plus afficher","Wir verwenden nur essenzielle, funktionale Cookies. Keine Analyse, kein Tracking.","Die Schweiz hat vier Landessprachen, und diese Daten liegen in mehreren davon vor. Manche Einträge sind mehrsprachig, andere nur in einer Sprache. Sie können wählen, in welcher Sprache die Inhalte angezeigt werden; ist Ihre Wahl für einen Eintrag nicht verfügbar, werden die übrigen Sprachen in einer festen Prioritätsreihenfolge verwendet. Dies ist unabhängig von der Oberflächensprache. Einstellbar unter Einstellungen › Inhaltssprache (oben rechts).","Diese Seite ist auch auf Deutsch verfügbar.","Auf Deutsch anzeigen","Nicht mehr anzeigen","We use only essential, functional cookies. No analytics, no tracking.","Switzerland has four national languages, and this data comes in several of them. Some records are in multiple languages, some in only one. You can choose which language the content is shown in; when your choice isn't available for a record, the remaining languages are used in a set priority order. This is independent of the interface language. Set it under Settings › Content language (top right).","This page is also available in English.","View in English","Don't show again","settings",{"_1725":1726,"_1727":1728,"_1729":1090,"_1730":1731,"_1732":1092,"_1733":1094,"_1734":1735,"_1736":1737,"_1738":1739,"_1740":1741,"_1742":1743,"_579":580,"_1744":1745,"_1746":1747,"_1748":1749,"_1750":1751,"_1752":1753},"nav",{"_1549":1671,"_1672":1673,"_1674":629,"_1675":1676,"_1677":1678,"_1558":1559,"_1560":1561,"_1562":1563,"_1564":1565,"_1551":273,"_66":469,"_1553":359,"_1552":425,"_70":283,"_1556":392,"_1230":313,"_77":303,"_1554":293,"_1555":323,"_1557":333,"_1679":1664,"_1680":1681,"_1527":1528,"_1682":1683,"_1529":1530,"_1684":1685,"_1686":1687,"_1688":1689,"_1690":1691,"_1692":1693,"_1694":1695,"_1696":1697,"_1698":1699,"_1700":1701,"_1702":1703,"_1704":1705,"_1706":1707,"_1708":1709,"_1710":1711,"_1712":1713,"_1714":1715,"_1716":1717,"_1718":1668,"_1719":1720,"_1721":1722,"_1723":1724},{"_1617":1652,"_1619":1653,"_1621":1654,"_1623":1655,"_1625":1656},{"_1663":1664,"_1665":1666,"_1667":1668,"_1669":1670},"project.title","Project","project.desc","About parlhub: what the portal is, answers to common questions, and how the data fits together.","experiments.title","Experiments","experiments.desc","Experimental analyses and methodology showcases on parlhub, including the Wordfish scaling of parliaments from their speeches.","parlhub home","skip_to_content","Skip to main content","explore","start","Start here","start_desc","Quicklinks to chambers, cantons and communes","project","project_desc","The project at a glance","about_desc","What parlhub is and who is behind it","faq_desc","Answers to common questions","sustainability","Sustainability","sustainability_desc","How parlhub is hosted and what it costs the planet","accessibility","Accessibility","accessibility_desc","What works, what doesn't, and how to report a barrier","traffic_stats","Traffic statistics","traffic_stats_desc","Which parts of the site get requested, and by whom","imprint","Imprint","imprint_desc","Who runs parlhub, contact, and the licenses","github","GitHub","github_desc","The project's source code on GitHub","data_guide","Data guide","data_guide_desc","Every kind of data, in plain terms, with examples","data_map","Data map","data_map_desc","How the data fits together, at a glance","methodology","Methodology","methodology_desc","How each figure is calculated, with links to the code","experiments","experiments_desc","Experimental analyses and methodology write-ups","wordfish","Wordfish scaling","wordfish_desc","Placing members on an axis by the words in their speeches","menu_label","Settings","appearance","Appearance","theme","theme_system","System","theme_light","theme_dark","font_size","Font size","font_size_decrease","Decrease font size","font_size_increase","Increase font size","high_contrast","High contrast","grayscale","Grayscale","interface_language","Interface","content_language","Content language","content_language_auto","Auto (follow interface)","content_language_note","Language of the displayed data (names, titles, texts). Independent of the interface; when a record isn't available, the next language is used.","content_language_priority","Priority",{"_1729":1755,"_1734":1756,"_1757":143,"_1758":151,"_1759":151,"_1760":143,"_1761":-5},"system",100,"show_cookie_consent_message","ui_high_contrast","ui_grayscale","msg_lang_hint","content_lang"]