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Der Bericht der Arbeitsgruppe \"Finanzierung des öffentlichen Verkehrs\" (FöV) vom 23. August 1995, der sich bis zum 15. November 1995 in der Vernehmlassung befand, löste in der Öffentlichkeit und in den direkt betroffenen Kreisen zahlreiche Reaktionen aus. Vor allen Dingen führte er zu einer Verunsicherung sowie zu Zweifeln an der Realisierbarkeit der NEAT-Vorlage, die das Volk 1992 angenommen hat. Angesichts der finanziellen sowie politischen und administrativen Situation scheint ungewiss, ob die beiden Vorlagen in der Form realisiert werden können, wie sie dem Volk unterbreitet worden sind. Würde aufgrund simpler finanzieller Überlegungen noch einmal darüber abgestimmt, dürfte das grosse Risiken in sich bergen, zumal das Projekt enorm redimensioniert wurde.

Es scheint daher logisch, den Bundesrat aufzuforden, über die verwaltungsinternen Anstrengungen hinaus zusätzliche Möglichkeiten prüfen zu lassen, so dass auf internationaler Ebene private Interessengemeinschaften besser in die Vorhaben eingebunden werden. Zudem ist es wichtig, die Bahnverwaltungen von dieser ausserordentlich schwierigen Aufgabe zu entlasten, die in einem von politischen Überraschungen geprägten Umfeld undurchführbar geworden ist.

Der Vorschlag, die Durchführung des Projekts einer AG zu übergeben, wurde bereits mehrfach diskutiert, zuletzt von Ständerat Rolf Büttiker. Aufgrund dieser Lösung wäre mit einer flexiblerer und effizienteren Durchführung dieses Projekts zu rechnen. Doch dieses \"gemischte Modell\" weist noch grössere Vorteile auf, wenn man zum Betrieb dieselben Überlegungen anstellt und insbesondere die folgende Strategie anwendet:

- Einer privaten Beteiligung wird (im Rahmen einer AG mit direkter Kapitalbeteiligung des Bundes) die Möglichkeit geboten, an den Kernstücken des Projekts, d.h. am Gotthard- und am Lötschberg-Basistunnel, teilzuhaben. Tatsächlich sind auf diesen beiden Streckenabschnitten mit Monopolcharakter die Gewinne an reellen Ressourcen (im Verhältnis zum Scheiteltunnel) beträchtlich und könnten so eingesetzt werden, dass - unter noch zu bestimmenden Bedingungen - für ihre Finanzierung weit mehr Drittkapital gefunden werden könnte als für das komplexe Gesamtprojekt.

- Eine solche Betriebs-AG wäre dem Aufbau strategischer Bündnisse auf europäischer Ebene und somit auch der Umsetzung einer Nachfrage- Strategie im Rahmen von \"free access\" sehr zuträglich.

- Mit dem überschüssigen Drittkapital würden staatliche Mittel frei, die für Investitionen in die Zufahrtsstrecken aufgewendet werden könnten. Zwar sind diese Strecken weit weniger rentabel, doch sind sie entscheidend dafür, ob wir im 21. Jahrhundert über ein zeitgemässes sowie national und international leistungsfähiges Schienennetz verfügen werden, das von der Bevölkerung und den interessierten Regionen getragen wird.

","affair_title",10862,"19953601_5","Eingereichter Text","

Die Neue Eisenbahn-Alpentransversale (Neat) und die Alpen-Initiative, die vom Volk am 27. September 1992 bzw. am 20. Februar 1994 angenommen worden sind, stellen ein Gesamtkonzept transalpiner Verkehrsverbindungen dar. Dieser politische Wille muss respektiert werden. Doch hat die heutige wirtschaftliche und politische Situation Auswirkungen auf die Finanzierungsfrage, die damals nicht mit der nötigen Weitsicht abgeklärt worden ist.

Zusätzlich zu den bereits vorliegenden Anträgen soll der Bundesrat:

1. auf der Grundlage nationaler und internationaler Verhandlungen und unter Beteiligung privater Interessengemeinschaften umgehend die zusätzlichen Finanzierungsmöglichkeiten prüfen;

2. die Möglichkeit näher prüfen, einer Aktiengesellschaft gemischten Rechts den Auftrag zu erteilen, die Gotthard- und Lötschberg-Eisenbahntunnel zu bauen und zu betreiben, wobei die beiden Tunnel als Kernstücke und somit als grundsätzlich gewinnbringende Teilstücke des Neat-Konzepts zu betrachten sind;

3. die so freigewordenen staatlichen Mittel für den Ausbau der Zufahrtsstrecken verwenden, weil davon der Erfolg des Verkehrsnetzes sowie die Akzeptanz in den interessierten Regionen abhängen;

4. dem Parlament Vorschläge unterbreiten, die diese Strategie konkretisieren.

",10861,"19953601_14","Antwort BR / Büro","

Die Bereitschaft von Privaten zur Beteiligung an der Finanzierung grosser Verkehrsprojekte hängt von der Sicherheit des finanziellen Rückflusses ab. Da die NEAT ohne erhebliche künftige flankierende verkehrspolitische Massnahmen kaum voll betriebswirtschaftlich rentabel ist, werden Private das finanzielle Risiko auf den Bund abwälzen oder über eine Risikoprämie abgegolten haben wollen. Dabei sind politische und technologische Risiken, das Fertigstellungsrisiko (Termin und Kosten), Marktrisiken, das Zinssatz und Inflationsrisiko sowie das Betriebsrisiko zu beachten. Letztendlich dürfte eine gemischt oder privatwirtschaftliche Finanzierung der aller Voraussicht nach betriebswirtschaftlich nicht voll rentablen NEAT den Bund teurer zu stehen kommen.

Gemischt respektive privatwirtschaftliche Finanzierungen von Verkehrsinfrastrukturvorhaben lassen sich grundsätzlich in drei Kategorien einteilen:

a. Private treten als Kapitalgeber auf, ohne Bau und Betriebsrisiken zu übernehmen. (Entweder reine Projektfinanzierung durch Fremdkapital oder Bau und Betrieb des Projekts durch eine Leasinggesellschaft, die von der Eidgenossenschaft einen von der Auslastung unabhängigen jährlichen Betrag erhält, welche die Verzinsung und Amortisation des Bauwerks in angemessener Frist garantiert.)

Die Finanzrechnung des Bundes würde zwar kurzfristig entlastet. Bei gleichen Baukosten wären aber die notwendigen Annuitätszahlungen höher, als wenn der Bund als finanzieller Intermediär auftritt, da der Bund am Kapitalmarkt die beste Bonität geniesst.

b. Private erstellen das Bauwerk und übemehmen das Baurisiko, nicht jedoch das Betriebsrisiko. (Private Bauherren würden den Bahnen die Infrastruktur gegen eine vom Verkehrsaufkommen unabhängige Gebühr zur Verfügung stellen.)

Private Bauherren werden sich gegen das Baurisiko versichern und die Versicherungsgebühren abgegolten haben wollen. Somit würde die InfrastrukturBenutzungsgebühr für den Bund bei gleichen Baukosten entsprechend höher ausfallen. Zu prüfen wäre aber, ob private Bauherren das Projekt kostengünstiger erstellen könnten.

c. Eine private Gesellschaft (allenfalls gemischtwirtschaftliche Gesellschaft) ist verantwortlich für den Bau und den Betrieb.

Diese Variante entspricht der Zielrichtung der Motion. Privat oder gemischtwirtschaftliche Körperschaften sind aber nur dann bereit, alle Risiken zu tragen, wenn sie sich hohe Rentabilitätschancen ausrechnen können. Wie bereits dargelegt, ist dies heute kaum gegeben, es sei denn, der Staat subventioniere die Bahngesellschaften, damit diese einen hohen, nicht marktkonformen Trassenpreis entrichten können. Doch auch diese Lösung kommt den Bund schlussendlich teurer zu stehen.

Die obigen Ausführungen zeigen, dass jegliche Form gemischt oder privatwirtschaftlicher Finanzierung kaum Vorteile hat. Gemäss ausländischen Erfahrungen kann aber unter gewissen Voraussetzungen eine private Vorfinanzierung sinnvoll sein. Grundsätzlich ist der Einbezug privatwirtschaftlicher Elemente nicht negativ zu beurteilen. Dies lässt sich jedoch auch auf andere Art erreichen. Mit der Bahnreform steht das Instrumentarium für flexible marktwirtschaftliche Lösungen auf Ebene der Schienenverkehrsanbieter zur Verfügung.

Der Bundesrat ist zudem gewillt, zu prüfen, ob mit der Wahl einer anderen Organisationsform für die Bauherrschaft die Baukosten reduziert und dadurch die Rentabilität erhöht werden können. Es ist denkbar, dass eine private Bauherrschaft Vorteile in bezug auf Flexibilität und Kostendenken aufweisen könnte, was allfällige Nachteile überwiegen könnte.

Zu den einzelnen Forderungen des Motionärs nimmt der Bundesrat wie folgt Stellung:

1./2. Im Vorfeld der Ausarbeitung der NEATBotschaft wurde die Frage des Einbezugs privater Finanzierer intensiv untersucht. Dabei wurde auch der Vorschlag des Motionärs erörtert, aus verschiedenen Gründen aber ebenso wie weitere private Finanzierungsmodelle nicht weiter verfolgt.

Im Jahr 1988 untersuchte eine Arbeitsgruppe der Eidgenössischen Finanzverwaltung, des Bundesamtes für Verkehr und der SBB verschiedene Möglichkeiten zur Finanzierung der NEAT durch die öffentliche Hand und durch private Kapitalgeber. Die damals gemachten Schlussfolgerungen besitzen trotz teilweise geänderter Rahmenbedingungen auch heute noch Gültigkeit. Selbst wenn es möglich sein sollte, eine rentable KernNEAT zu definieren und einer privaten Gesellschaft zum Bau und Betrieb zu überlassen, würde dies ein umfangreiches Vertragswerk mit schwierigen Regelungen der Kosten und Ertragsabgrenzungen bedingen. Auch müsste sichergestellt werden, dass der private Betreiber nicht höhere Gewinne durch Vernachlässigung des Unterhalts und der Sicherheit zu erzielen versucht.

Im Jahr 1989 erarbeitete ein Konsortium der Schweizerischen Bankgesellschaft, der Schweizerischen Kreditanstalt und des Schweizerischen Bankvereins im Auftrag des Bundesamtes für Verkehr eine Studie zur \"NEATFinanzierung mit privatwirtschaftlichen Elementen\". Unter den kritischen Voraussetzungen einer Fertigestellungsgarantie, Benützungsverpflichtung und Vereinbarung zur Tarifgestaltung kam die Bankengruppe zum Schluss, dass für die Finanzierung der NEAT gewisse Elemente der Privatfinanzierung sinnvoll eingesetzt werden können. Allerdings hält sie in ihrer Beurteilung fest, dass eine Finanzierung mit privatwirtschaftlichen Elementen den Bund insgesamt teurer zu stehen kommt als eine reine Bundesfinanzierung.

Eine 1995 im Zusammenhang mit der Vorbereitung der Botschaft FöV erstellte Studie der Schweizerischen Kreditanstalt kommt zu ähnlichen Ergebnissen. Investoren werden nur dann Aktien einer Gesellschaft zeichnen, wenn die Gesellschaft eine bestimmte Rendite mit einer bestimmten Wahrscheinlichkeit erwirtschaften kann.

Zur Idee einer durch eine besondere Körperschaft betriebenen KernNEAT ist festzuhalten, dass die Basistunnels Teil der zusammenhängenden NordSüdAchse BaselMailand/Genua sind. Das Herauslösen eines Abschnitts und die Übergabe an einen privaten Betreiber würde enorme Schwierigkeiten in bezug auf eine koordinierte Unterhalts, Bewirtschaftungs und Erneuerungsinvestitionsplanung zur Folge haben.

Überdies ist auch eine durch Redimensionierungen optimierte \"KemNEAT\" unter der heutigen verkehrspolitischen Ausgangslage nicht voll rentabel zu betreiben. Die Grundvoraussetzung für den Vorschlag des Motionärs ist somit nicht gegeben. Die betriebswirtschaftliche Rentabilität der NEAT ist schwergewichtig von der Ausgestaltung der verkehrspolitischen Rahmenbedingungen abhängig. Nach Ansicht des Bundesrates soll diejenige Instanz, welche die verkehrspolitischen Rahmenbedingungen zu gestalten vermag, auch das Betriebsrisiko der zukünftigen Verkehrsinfrastrukturen tragen. Dadurch wird der Bund angehalten, die Verkehrsprojekte auf das notwendige und der Schweiz dienliche Mass zu beschränken und Zusatzbegehren ohne grosse Dringlichkeit zurückzustellen.

3. Die Ausführungen zu den Fragen 1 und 2 zeigen auf, dass keine staatlichen Mittel frei werden. Im übrigen teilt der Bundesrat die Auffassung des Motionärs nicht, wonach eine gewisse zeitliche Rückstellung des Baus der Zufahrtsstrecken (innerhalb des Planungsperimeters) die Attraktivität des Verkehrsnetzes in Frage stellen würde. Dank der Berücksichtigung der eisenbahntechnologischen Entwicklung der letzten Jahre (Neigezüge im Personenverkehr, teilweise lange schwere Güterzüge) lassen sich die Zielsetzungen des ursprünglichen Konzepts der NEAT bezüglich Kapazitäten und Reisezeiten im Langstreckenverkehr annähernd erreichen. Zudem werden die Stammlinien in der Zentral und Südschweiz prioritär lärmsaniert. Treten zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt Kapazitätsengpässe auf den Zufahrtsstrecken ein, so bleibt deren Ausbau realisierbar.

4. Die Abklärungen haben gezeigt, dass für die NEAT eine gemischtwirtschaftliche Finanzierung insgesamt nicht vorteilhaft ist. Der Bundesrat ist aber in bezug auf den Verschuldungsanteil der NEAT grundsätzlich nicht gegen eine Beteiligung privater Kapitalgeber. Zwingende Bedingung ist jedoch, dass allfällige private Kapitalgeber das Kreditrisiko vollauf selbst tragen und für die Bauherren keine schlechteren Konditionen entstehen, als wenn sich der Bund als Intermediär am Kapitalmarkt verschuldet. Sollte eine solche Lösung anvisiert werden, so wären allerdings in organisatorischer Hinsicht Anpassungen vonnöten. Für private Lösungen wäre eine neue Rechtsform für den Bauherren wünschenswert. Der Vorsteher EVED hat zur Prüfung verschiedener BauherrenModelle einen ausländischen Experten eingesetzt. Sein Bericht wird zur Zeit ausgewertet; erste Resultate sind in der ersten Hälfte 1997 zu erwarten.

Der Bundesrat beabsichtigt zudem, bei weiteren Grossprojekten des öffentlichen Verkehrs die Frage der Privatfinanzierung jeweils neu und unter Berücksichtigung der spezifischen Ausgangslage (Rentabilität) zu prüfen. So könnte beispielsweise für den Bau der TGVNeubaustrecke Genf Mäcon eine Finanzierung mit privatwirtschaftlichen Elementen vorteilhaft sein.

Trotz seiner kritischen Haltung ist der Bundesrat bereit, die Anliegen des Motionärs im Zusammenhang mit der aktuellen Diskussion der Botschaft über Bau und Finanzierung der Infrastruktur des öffentlichen Verkehrs vom 26. Juni 1996 (96.059) zu prüfen.

Der Bundesrat beantragt, die Motion in ein Postulat umzuwandeln.",10860,"19953601_1","Titel des 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{y} ({age} onns)","person.bornNoAge","n. {y}","person.bornDied","{by}–{dy}","person.overview.contactLabel","Contact: ","person.overview.tail","Cumportament da votar, interess declarads e discurs sin {site}.","person.dim.votes.title","Cumportament da votar da {name}","person.dim.votes.desc","{count} vuschs registradas da {name}{ctx}: gea, na, abstenziun ed absenza. Tschertgabel, filtrabel ed exportabel.","person.dim.alignment.title","Tgi vota sco {name}?","person.dim.alignment.desc","Vischins da co-votar da {name}{ctx}: ils {count} commembers cul cumportament da votar il pli sumegliant, ordinads tenor accordanza.","person.dim.lobby.title","Cartas d'access da {name}","person.dim.lobby.desc","A tgi che {name}{ctx} conceda access a l'edifizi dal parlament: {count} cartas d'access cun num, rolla e validitad.","person.dim.contributions.title","Contribuziuns da {name}","person.dim.contributions.desc","{count} fatschentas parlamentaras scrittas u cofirmadas da {name}{ctx}, tenor rolla e data.","person.dim.interests.title","Interess declarads da {name}","person.dim.interests.desc","{count} interess declarads da {name}{ctx}: mandats, associaziuns e colliaziuns da lobbying, pajads u nunpajads.","person.dim.memberships.title","Commembranzas da {name}","person.dim.memberships.desc","{count} commembranzas en gruppas, cumissiuns e gremis da {name}{ctx}, cun rollas e periodas.","person.dim.speeches.title","Discurs da {name}","person.dim.speeches.desc","{count} discurs ed intervenziuns da {name}{ctx} en il parlament. Tschertgabel, cun data, fatschenta e video.","person.dim.images.title","Fotos da {name}","person.dim.images.desc","{count} retratgs e fotos da {name}{ctx}. Maletgs uffizials da funtauna ord las datas parlamentaras.","person.dim.vocabulary.title","Vocabulari da {name}","person.dim.vocabulary.desc","Ils pleds ils pli frequents en ils discurs da {name}{ctx}. Ina charta da frequenza da ses vocabulari parlamentar.","person.index.title","Persunas","person.index.desc","Tschertgar e cumparegliar tut ils {count} commembers dals parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais: partida, chantun, cumportament da votar, interess declarads e dapli sin {site}.","person.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Persunas","person.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter ils commembers dals parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais. {count} resultats sin {site}.","voting.tail","Resultat, relaziun gea/na e la fatschenta suttanetta sin {site}.","voting.index.title","Votaziuns","voting.index.desc","Tschertgar tut las {count} votaziuns dals parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais: resultats, cumportament da las fracziuns e fatschentas colliadas sin {site}.","voting.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Votaziuns","voting.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter las votaziuns. {count} resultats sin {site}.","doc.tail","Format, data, categoria e las fatschentas e sesidas colliadas sin {site}.","doc.index.title","Documents","doc.index.desc","Tschertgar tut ils {count} documents dals parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais: rapports, protocols e sboz tenor data, format e categoria sin {site}.","doc.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Documents","doc.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter ils documents. {count} resultats sin {site}.","text.tail","Text cumplet, data, tip e la fatschenta correspundenta sin {site}.","text.index.title","Texts","text.index.desc","Tschertgar tut ils {count} texts e decrets dals parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais en text cumplet: tenor tip, data ed instituziun sin {site}.","text.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Texts","text.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter ils texts. {count} resultats sin {site}.","speech.tail","Protocol cumplet, uratur, data e la fatschenta correspundenta sin {site}.","speech.index.title","Discurs","speech.index.desc","Tschertgar tut ils {count} discurs ed intervenziuns en ils parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais en text cumplet: tenor uratur, data e fatschenta sin {site}.","speech.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Discurs","speech.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter ils discurs. {count} resultats sin {site}.","interest.tail","Tgi che ha la colliaziun, sche pajada u nunpajada, e la decleraziun correspundenta sin {site}.","interest.index.title","Interess","interest.index.desc","Tschertgar tut ils {count} interess declarads en ils parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais: mandats, associaziuns e colliaziuns da lobbying sin {site}.","interest.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Interess","interest.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter ils interess declarads. {count} resultats sin {site}.","organization.overview","{name}: {members} titulars da mandat cun {mandates} mandats en {bodies} instituziuns dals parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais. Colliaziuns da lobbying e d'interess sin {site}.","organization.index.title","Organisaziuns","organization.index.desc","Tschertgar tut las {count} organisaziuns e patruns colliads cun ils parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais: mandats, commembers ed access da lobbying sin {site}.","organization.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Organisaziuns","organization.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter las organisaziuns. {count} resultats sin {site}.","group.tail","Commembers, sesidas, votaziuns e contribuziuns da la gruppa sin {site}.","group.dim.contributions.title","group.dim.contributions.desc","{count} fatschentas e propostas da {name}{ctx}, scrittas u cofirmadas, tenor rolla e data.","group.dim.meetings.title","Sesidas da {name}","group.dim.meetings.desc","{count} sesidas da {name}{ctx}: tractandas, decisiuns e protocols tenor data.","group.dim.memberships.title","Commembers da {name}","group.dim.memberships.desc","{count} commembranzas en {name}{ctx}: persunas, rollas e periodas.","group.dim.votings.title","Votaziuns da {name}","group.dim.votings.desc","{count} votaziuns en connex cun {name}{ctx}: resultats e datas.","group.index.title","Cumissiuns & gruppas","group.index.desc","Tschertgar tut las {count} cumissiuns, fracziuns, delegaziuns ed auters gremis dals parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais: commembers, votaziuns e contribuziuns sin {site}.","group.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Cumissiuns & gruppas","group.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter las cumissiuns e fracziuns. {count} resultats sin {site}.","meeting.tail","Tractanda, votaziuns, discurs, documents e participants da la sesida sin {site}.","meeting.dim.agendas.title","Tractanda da {name}","meeting.dim.agendas.desc","{count} tractandas da la sesida {name}{ctx}: fatschentas e temas en la successiun da tractament.","meeting.dim.votings.title","meeting.dim.votings.desc","{count} votaziuns a la sesida {name}{ctx}: resultats e fatschentas colliadas.","meeting.dim.speeches.title","meeting.dim.speeches.desc","{count} discurs en la sesida {name}{ctx}: tenor uratur e tractanda.","meeting.dim.docs.title","Documents da {name}","meeting.dim.docs.desc","{count} documents da la sesida {name}{ctx}: protocols, sboz e agiuntas.","meeting.dim.events.title","Cronologia da {name}","meeting.dim.events.desc","{count} eveniments durant la sesida {name}{ctx}: etappas e decisiuns.","meeting.dim.contributors.title","Participants da {name}","meeting.dim.contributors.desc","{count} participants e contribuents a la sesida {name}{ctx}: persunas, gremis e rollas.","meeting.index.title","Sesidas","meeting.index.desc","Tschertgar tut las {count} sesidas dal cussegl e da las cumissiuns dals parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais: tractandas, votaziuns, discurs e documents sin {site}.","meeting.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Sesidas","meeting.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter las sesidas. {count} resultats sin {site}.","affair.tail","Votaziuns, discurs, documents, texts e la cronologia da la fatschenta sin {site}.","affair.dim.votings.title","Votaziuns davart {name}","affair.dim.votings.desc","{count} votaziuns davart la fatschenta {name}{ctx}: resultats, datas e relaziuns gea/na.","affair.dim.contributors.title","Contribuents a {name}","affair.dim.contributors.desc","{count} persunas e gremis participads a {name}{ctx}: auturs, cofirmaturs e rollas.","affair.dim.speeches.title","Discurs davart {name}","affair.dim.speeches.desc","{count} discurs davart la fatschenta {name}{ctx}: tschertgabel tenor data ed uratur.","affair.dim.docs.title","Documents davart {name}","affair.dim.docs.desc","{count} documents davart la fatschenta {name}{ctx}: rapports, sboz ed agiuntas tenor data e format.","affair.dim.events.title","affair.dim.events.desc","{count} eveniments en il decurs da la fatschenta {name}{ctx}: etappas e decisiuns en successiun cronologica.","affair.dim.texts.title","Texts davart {name}","affair.dim.texts.desc","{count} texts e decrets per la fatschenta {name}{ctx}: disponibels en text cumplet.","affair.index.title","Fatschentas","affair.index.desc","Tschertgar tut las {count} fatschentas parlamentaras dals parlaments svizzers e liechtensteinais: propostas, projects da lescha e deliberaziuns tenor tip e status sin {site}.","affair.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Fatschentas","affair.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter las fatschentas parlamentaras. {count} resultats sin {site}.","body.tail","Persunas, votaziuns, fatschentas, fidaivladad da fracziun e colliaziuns da lobby sin {site}.","body.dim.people.title","Persunas da {name}","body.dim.people.desc","{count} persunas da {name}{ctx}: parlamentaris, executiva e titulars da mandat cun fracziun e rolla. Tschertgabel.","body.dim.votings.title","body.dim.votings.desc","{count} votaziuns tegnidas en {name}{ctx}: resultats, datas e fatschentas colliadas. Tschertgabel ed exportabel.","body.dim.affairs.title","Fatschentas da {name}","body.dim.affairs.desc","{count} fatschentas parlamentaras da {name}{ctx}: propostas, projects da lescha e deliberaziuns tenor tip e status.","body.dim.docs.title","body.dim.docs.desc","{count} documents da {name}{ctx}: rapports, protocols e sboz, tenor data, format e categoria.","body.dim.texts.title","Texts da {name}","body.dim.texts.desc","{count} texts e decrets da {name}{ctx}: text cumplet, tschertgabel tenor data e tip.","body.dim.loyalty.title","Fidaivladad da fracziun en {name}","body.dim.loyalty.desc","Quant coerent che las fracziuns en {name}{ctx} votan: fidaivladad da fracziun e divergenza per commember.","body.dim.alignment.title","Proximitad da votaziun en {name}","body.dim.alignment.desc","Tgi vota cun tgi en {name}{ctx}: accordanza en il cumportament da votar tranter ils commembers.","body.dim.lobby.title","Rait da lobby da {name}","body.dim.lobby.desc","Interess declarads e cartas d'access enturn {name}{ctx}: tgi ch'è collià cun tgi.","body.dim.discussion.title","Profils da discurs en {name}","body.dim.discussion.desc","Posiziunament basà sin pleds dals commembers da {name}{ctx}: scalaziun Wordfish da lur discurs sin in ax latent.","body.index.title","Parlaments","body.index.desc","Tschertgar tut ils {count} parlaments ed instituziuns da la Svizra e dal Liechtenstein, federals, chantunals e communals: commembers, votaziuns, fatschentas e dapli sin {site}.","body.index.searchTitle","«{q}»: Parlaments","body.index.searchDesc","Resultats da tschertga per «{q}» tranter ils parlaments ed instituziuns da la Svizra e dal Liechtenstein. {count} resultats sin {site}.","dataset.desc","{label} per {scope}: datas parlamentaras svizras avertas sco JSON, CSV u Excel. 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partida e fracziun.","chart_export","Exportar","chart_export_title","Exportar il diagram","chart_export_failed","Export betg reussì.","chart_exporting","Exportar…","chart_download","Telechargiar","chart_close","chart_fullscreen","chart_title","chart_title_ph","Titel opziunal","chart_subtitle","Suttitel","chart_subtitle_ph","Suttitel opziunal","chart_colors","Colurs & etichettas","chart_color_for","Colur per","chart_label_for","Etichetta per","chart_reset","chart_order","chart_output","Output","chart_format","chart_theme","Design","chart_theme_light","Cler","chart_theme_dark","Stgir","chart_size","Grondezza","chart_options","Opziuns","chart_show_legend","Mussar la legenda","chart_transparent","Fund transparent","chart_interactive","Interactiv","chart_credits","Indicaziun da la funtauna","voting_chart_no_votes","voting_chart_seats","sezs","voting_chart_no_seatmap","Naginas datas dals sezs disponiblas.","voting_chart_col_person","Persuna","voting_chart_col_party","voting_chart_col_group","voting_chart_col_vote","voting_chart_by_party","Vusch tenor partida","voting_chart_by_party_seats","Sezs tenor partida","voting_chart_colour_by","Colurar ils sezs tenor","voting_chart_majority","Maioritad","voting_chart_edit","Modifitgar & exportar","voting_chart_seat_note","Las posiziuns dals sezs èn illustrativas, betg la disposiziun reala da la chombra. Avra l'editur per reorganisar las colurs, las etichettas e la successiun, ed exportar.","speeches_title","speeches_loading","speech_person","Uratur","speech_body","Instituziun","speech_affair","speech_meeting","groups_title","no_groups","Naginas gruppas chattadas.","group_untitled","Gruppa senza titel","section_meetings","no_meetings","Naginas sesidas registradas.","view_all_meetings","Mussar tuttas sesidas","meetings_title","meeting_untitled","meeting_upcoming","Vegnenta","facet_time","Cura","facet_upcoming","facet_past","Passada","group_abbreviation","Scursanida","group_description","Descripziun","group_official_record","Pagina uffiziala","group_contact","member_unknown","section_votings","interests_title","interest_details","Detagls","interest_person","Declarà da","interest_body","Gremi concedent","interest_role","interest_type","interest_group","interest_place","Lieu","interest_period","Perioda","meeting_details","meeting_type","meeting_state","meeting_number","meeting_location","meeting_period","meeting_group","meeting_body","group_type","description","controls_search_placeholder_meetings","Tschertgar sesidas …","controls_search_hint_meetings","Num, lieu u descripziun","section_agendas","no_agendas","Naginas tractandas.","view_all_agendas","Mussar tuttas tractandas","agenda_untitled","speech_speaker_unknown","video","doc_untitled","Document","doc_body","doc_affair","doc_meeting","doc_agenda","section_contributors","Contribuents","no_contributors","Nagins contribuents.","view_all_contributors","Mussar tut ils contribuents","sort_number","topics_title","Ils pleds ils pli duvrads","topics_intro","Ils pleds che questa persuna dovra il pli savens en ses discurs, senza ils pleds da farsa frequents. La grondezza da la plattina mussa quant savens in pled vegn duvrà.","topics_all_time","Total il temp","topics_last_4y","Ils davos 4 onns","topics_last_8y","Ils davos 8 onns","topics_from","topics_to","topics_speeches","discurs","topics_words","pleds (filtrads)","topics_distinct","pleds distincts","topics_uses","utilisaziuns","topics_alt","Charta d'arber dals {count} pleds ils pli duvrads, la grondezza tenor la frequenza. {ctx}","topics_table_alt","Tabella dals {count} pleds ils pli duvrads e quant savens mintgin vegn duvrà. {ctx}","topics_table_toggle","Mussar sco tabella","topics_table_word","Pled","topics_empty","Nagins discurs cun text utilisabel en questa perioda. Emprova d'engrondir il rom.","loyalty_title","Fidaivladad da fracziun","loyalty_subtitle","Part da las vuschs ch'in commember dat cunter la lingia da maioritad da sia fracziun (pli aut = pli independent). Las abstenziuns valan sco posiziun.","loyalty_axis","Quota da divergenza: part da las vuschs cunter la atgna fracziun","loyalty_dissent","divergenza","loyalty_ballots","vuschs","loyalty_empty","Naginas vuschs en questa perioda cumplenischan las valurs limita per in punctual da fidaivladad. Engrondescha il rom.","loyalty_chart_alt","Diagram da svarm d'avieuls da la quota da divergenza da {count} commembers, in punct per commember, colurà tenor partida. {ctx}","loyalty_table_alt","Tabella da {count} commembers cun lur vuschs, divergenzas e quota da divergenza. {ctx}","loyalty_col_member","loyalty_col_party","loyalty_col_group","loyalty_col_ballots","loyalty_col_dissents","Cunter","loyalty_col_rate","Divergenza","loyalty_from","loyalty_to","loyalty_scale","Scala","loyalty_scale_log","Log","loyalty_scale_linear","Linear","loyalty_filters","Filters","cohesion_title","Coesiun da la fracziun","cohesion_hint","index d'accordanza mesaun (1 = unanim)","section_alignment","Proximitad da votaziun","no_alignment","Betg avunda vuschs cuminaivlas per cumparegliar.","view_all_alignment","Mussar la proximitad da votaziun cumpletta","alignment_agreed_of_shared","concordant en {agreed} da {shared} vuschs cuminaivlas","sort_agreement","Accordanza","sort_shared","Vuschs cuminaivlas","facet_min_shared","Min. cuminaivlas","min_shared_10","≥ 10","min_shared_20","≥ 20","min_shared_50","≥ 50","min_shared_100","≥ 100","section_body_alignment","body_alignment_subtitle","Co ils commembers da questa chombra votan in relaziun a l'auter, sin basa da las vuschs ch'els han cuminaivel. Sin la charta sesan commembers che votan a moda sumeglianta datiers in a l'auter, ed adversaris dalunga. Las colurs represchentan las partidas, uschè che blocs e coaliziuns cumparan sco cluster. La grilia mussa l'accordanza media tranter mintga pèr da partidas (la diagonala è la coesiun interna da mintga partida).","alignment_from","alignment_to","alignment_view","Vista","alignment_view_scatter","Charta","alignment_view_heatmap","Grilia da las partidas","alignment_empty","Betg avunda vuschs en quest rom per construir il model.","alignment_window_note","Il pli expressiv entaifer ina suletta perioda legislativa: il model cumpareglia ils commembers sin basa da las vuschs ch'els han cuminaivel. Sche'l rom cumpiglia in'elecziun u ina midada da cumposiziun, sa cuvran commembers cun mandats differents apaina, e las posiziuns daventan main cumparegliablas.","alignment_no_parties","Naginas partidas da cumparegliar en quest rom.","alignment_scatter_alt","Diagram da dispersiun da {count} commembers, plazzads tenor la sumeglientscha da lur vuschs, colurà tenor partida. {ctx}","alignment_pairs","pèrs","alignment_heatmap_note","Mintga cella è l'accordanza media tranter ils commembers da las duas partidas (diagonala = coesiun interna d'ina partida). ± è il rom da confidenza da 95% e n il dumber dals pèrs da commembers che stattan davos. In pitschen rom sur blers pèrs munta che la proximitad è bain fundada; in rom vast munta be in indizi.","alignment_heatmap_alt","Grilia da l'accordanza media da votar tranter {count} partidas. {ctx}","alignment_members_heading","Commembers","alignment_members_table_alt","Tabella da {count} commembers cun lur accordanza cun la chombra e cun la atgna partida. {ctx}","alignment_col_member","alignment_col_party","alignment_col_votes","alignment_col_chamber","Proxim a la chombra","alignment_col_party_align","Entaifer la partida","alignment_zoom_in","Zoom en","alignment_zoom_out","Zoom or","alignment_zoom_reset","Reponer il zoom","alignment_filters","section_lobby","Rait da lobby","lobby_subtitle","Las organisaziuns ch'ils commembers da questa chombra declaran en lur register d'interess, e nua che questas colliaziuns sa cruschan. En la rait èn ils commembers punct (colurads tenor partida) e las organisaziuns che dus u dapli commembers dividan èn quaders. Commembers che dividan las medemas organisaziuns sa tiran ensemen. La partiziun mussa quantas mandats èn pajads u nunpajads, e tgi che ha ils pli blers.","lobby_empty","Nagins interess declarads per questa chombra en quest rom.","lobby_no_shared","Naginas organisaziuns vegnan dividas da dus u dapli commembers qua. Vesair la partiziun.","lobby_network_alt","Grafic da rait cun {members} commembers e las {orgs} organisaziuns ch'els dividan, colliads tras interess declarads. {ctx}","lobby_mandates","mandats","lobby_members_tied","commembers","lobby_unknown","Nunenconuschent","lobby_org_node","Organisaziun","lobby_payment_heading","Mandats pajads vs. nunpajads","lobby_top_orgs","Organisaziuns las pli dividas","lobby_top_members","Commembers tenor mandats","discussion_title","Profils da discurs","discussion_intro","Nua ch'ils commembers sesan sin in ax latent, derivà sulettamain dals pleds ch'els dovran en lur discurs (scalaziun Wordfish).","discussion_calculating","Scalar ils discurs…","lobby_calculating","Calcular la rait da lobby…","discussion_error","La scalaziun dals discurs n'ha betg pudì vegnir calculada.","discussion_converged","Il model ha convergì","discussion_not_converged","Il model n'ha betg cumplettamain convergì. Legia las posiziuns cun spezial precauziun.","discussion_members_scored","Commembers valitads","discussion_vocab","Vocabulari","discussion_window","Fanestra da temp","discussion_show_all","discussion_show_reliable","Mo ils fidads","discussion_methodology","Co quai vegn calculà","discussion_range_label","Rom da temp","discussion_range_1y","1 onn","discussion_range_2y","2 onns","discussion_range_4y","4 onns","discussion_range_8y","8 onns","discussion_plot_alt","Diagram da svarm d'avieuls da {count} commembers plazzads lung in ax da la tscherna dals pleds, in punct per commember. {ctx}","discussion_plot_caption","Mintga punct è in commember, plazzà tenor ils pleds ch'el dovra en ses discurs. Commembers che dovran ils medems pleds caracteristics sesan datiers in a l'auter; commembers che discurran fitg differentamain sesan dalunga. La posiziun d'in commember na vegn pia betg attribuida da nus; ella resulta da co el discurra propi. Per exempel: tgi che di adina «taglia», «budget» e «expensas» stat dalunga da tgi che di surtut «asil», «cunfin» ed «integraziun». Passa cun il mieus sur in punct per ils detagls. Puncts emplenids han avunda text da discurs per ina plazzada fidada; roncs vids han discurrì memia pauc, lur posiziun è da leger cun precauziun.","discussion_empty","Nagins discurs èn disponibels per quest parlament, uschè ch'ils commembers na pon betg vegnir plazzads sin l'ax. Questa scalaziun legia ils pleds ch'ils commembers discurran propi, e'l set da datas cuntegna protocols da discurs mo per pauc parlaments: las chombras federalas ed intgins chantuns sco Berna, Basilea-Citad u Son Gagl. Ti pos er empruvar in rom da temp pli lung survart.","discussion_empty_sparse","I dat memia pauc text da protocol da discurs per quest parlament per plazzar ses commembers sin l'ax. Emprova in rom da temp pli lung survart.","discussion_pole_a","In pol","discussion_pole_b","Auter pol","discussion_col_party","discussion_key_filled","Avunda text (fidà)","discussion_key_ring","Sut la limita da pleds (pauca segirezza)","discussion_align_title","Suonda l'ax la partida?","discussion_align_hint","Quant da la dispersiun da las posiziuns vegn declerà tras l'appartegnientscha a la partida (η²): 100% = las partidas èn perfetgamain separadas, ~0% = la partida na di nagut.","discussion_align_strong","las partidas èn cleramain separadas","discussion_align_moderate","las partidas èn per part separadas","discussion_align_weak","la partida declera l'ax apaina","discussion_poles_title","Da tge ch'è fatg l'ax","discussion_poles_hint","Ils pleds che tiran ils commembers il pli ferm vers mintga pol. L'ax munta insatge pir cur che ti legias quels. Sia direcziun è arbitrara.","discussion_no_party","Nagina partida","discussion_col_name","discussion_col_position","Posiziun","discussion_col_words","Pleds","discussion_col_speeches","discussion_low_confidence","pauca segirezza","discussion_table_title","discussion_table_alt","Tabella da {count} commembers cun lur posiziun sin l'ax da la tscherna dals pleds. {ctx}","discussion_read_title","Co leger quai","discussion_read_direction","La direcziun da l'ax è arbitrara: Wordfish chatta la separaziun, betg tge vart ch'è «sanester» u «dretg». Legia ils pols dals pleds per vesair tge che mintga vart munta.","discussion_read_uncertainty","Las posiziuns èn standardisadas, la dispersiun è pia ina convenziun, betg ina distanza reala. Bars d'errur pli vasts (e puncts vids) muntan main segirezza, na surinterpretescha pia betg quels commembers.","discussion_read_confound","Il stil da discurs reflectescha la rolla uschè bain sco l'ideologia: presidents da cumissiun, ministers ed uraturs frequents pon arrivar sin in pol pervia da quai ch'els fan, betg mo pervia da quai ch'els crain.","organizations_title","organizations_none","Naginas organisaziuns.","org_members","org_mandates","org_bodies","gremis","org_members_heading","org_members_table_alt","Tabella da {count} commembers cun lur partida, gremi, rolla, pajament e perioda. {ctx}","org_no_members","Nagins commembers.","org_col_member","org_col_party","org_col_body","org_col_role","org_col_payment","Pajament","org_col_period","sort_members","sort_mandates","Mandats","interest_unknown","lobby_panel_person","Organisaziuns declaradas","lobby_panel_org","Commembers cun quest mandat","lobby_table_heading","Tgi è collià cun tge","lobby_table_explain","La matrix cumpletta marchescha mintga commember cunter mintga organisaziun dividida: in punct per colliaziun declarada, la vista cumpletta da tgi ch'è collià cun tge.","lobby_table_large","Per questa chombra è quai","lobby_table_cells","cellas","lobby_table_show","Mussar la tabella","lobby_table_alt","Tabella che marchescha mintgin dals {count} commembers cunter las {orgs} organisaziuns cun las qualas els èn colliads, in punct per colliaziun declarada. {ctx}","lobby_select_hint","Tscherna in commember u ina organisaziun per vesair sias colliaziuns.","lobby_filters","lobby_error","La rait da lobbying n'ha betg pudì vegnir calculada.","lobby_clear_selection","Annullar la selecziun","close","not_found_person","Persuna betg chattada","not_found_body","Parlament betg chattà","not_found_affair","Fatschenta betg chattada","not_found_group","Cumissiun u gruppa betg chattada","not_found_voting","Votaziun betg chattada","not_found_meeting","Sesida betg chattada","not_found_interest","Interess betg chattà","not_found_organization","Organisaziun betg chattada","not_found_text","Text betg chattà","not_found_doc","Document betg chattà","not_found_speech","Discurs betg chattà","not_found_hint","I na dat nagina endataziun cun l'ID {id}. Ella è forsa vegnida allontanada, u la colliaziun è surannada.","not_found_back","Enavos a la survista","about","Davart","faq","FAQ","section_title","section_title_bodies","section_title_affairs","section_title_votings","section_title_texts","section_title_docs","section_subtitle_search","section_subtitle_discussion",{"_1605":1606,"_1623":793,"_1624":1625,"_1626":1627,"_1628":979,"_1629":553,"_1610":355,"_79":557,"_1630":560,"_1612":688,"_1631":1632,"_1633":764,"_1634":315,"_75":325,"_1608":465,"_19":335,"_77":563,"_82":345,"_1635":1087,"_1636":1219,"_1637":1254,"_1638":1219,"_1639":1640,"_1641":1219,"_1642":1643,"_1644":553,"_1645":355,"_1646":1219,"_1647":1627,"_1648":557,"_1613":432,"_1649":365,"_1218":1219,"_1650":671,"_1231":1219,"_73":568,"_1651":1440,"_1652":1297,"_1653":1335,"_1654":1632,"_1655":1424,"_1614":375,"_1656":1416,"_1657":1219},"section_switcher",{"_1603":1604,"_1605":1606,"_1607":315,"_71":509,"_75":325,"_1608":465,"_1609":400,"_1610":355,"_82":345,"_1611":335,"_1612":365,"_1613":432,"_1614":375,"_1615":1616,"_1617":1618,"_1619":1620,"_1621":1622},"section_title_speeches","section_title_groups","section_title_interests","section_title_meetings","section_title_organizations","label_section","Secziun","home","Partenza","people","affairs","groups","speeches","documents","interests","meetings","organizations","group_parliament","Acturs","group_proceedings","Activitads","group_records","Actas","group_lobbying","Lobbying","search","eyebrow","Datas davart {{name}}","overview","Survista","personal_data","votes","memberships","access_badges","Lobby","images","members","texts_overview","text_details","docs_overview","doc_details","votings_overview","Votaziun","voting_details","voting_diagram","Diagram","voting_tally","speeches_overview","speech_details","groups_overview","contributions","interests_overview","meetings_overview","vocabulary","loyalty","alignment","lobby","discussion","organizations_overview","org_details",{"_1715":1716,"_1717":1718,"_1659":1719,"_266":1720},"intro",{"_1661":1662,"_1663":1664,"_1665":1666,"_1667":1668,"_1669":1670,"_1671":1672,"_1673":1674},"en",{"_1675":1710,"_1677":1711,"_1679":1712,"_1681":1713,"_1683":1714},"de",{"_1675":1705,"_1677":1706,"_1679":1707,"_1681":1708,"_1683":1709},"fr",{"_1675":1700,"_1677":1701,"_1679":1702,"_1681":1703,"_1683":1704},"it",{"_1675":1695,"_1677":1696,"_1679":1697,"_1681":1698,"_1683":1699},"es",{"_1675":1690,"_1677":1691,"_1679":1692,"_1681":1693,"_1683":1694},"pt",{"_1675":1685,"_1677":1686,"_1679":1687,"_1681":1688,"_1683":1689},"rm",{"_1675":1676,"_1677":1678,"_1679":1680,"_1681":1682,"_1683":1684},"cookie","Nus duvrain mo cookies essenzials e funcziunals. Nagina analitica, nagin tracking.","dataLang","La Svizra ha quatter linguas naziunalas, e questas datas datti en pliras da quellas. Intgins records èn plurilings, auters mo en ina lingua. Vus pudais tscherner en tge lingua ch'il cuntegn vegn mussà; sche vossa tscherna n'è betg disponibla per in record, vegnan duvradas las autras linguas en in urden da prioritad fix. Quai è independent da la lingua da l'interfatscha. As lascha reglar sut Configuraziuns › Lingua dal cuntegn (sura a dretga).","alt","Questa pagina è era disponibla per rumantsch.","switch","Mussar per rumantsch","dismiss","Betg pli mussar","Utilizamos apenas cookies essenciais e funcionais. Sem análises, sem rastreio.","A Suíça tem quatro línguas nacionais, e estes dados existem em várias delas. Alguns registos estão em várias línguas, outros apenas numa. Pode escolher em que idioma os conteúdos são apresentados; quando a sua escolha não está disponível para um registo, as restantes línguas são usadas por uma ordem de prioridade fixa. Isto é independente do idioma da interface. Configure em Definições › Idioma dos conteúdos (canto superior direito).","Esta página também está disponível em português.","Ver em português","Não mostrar novamente","Solo utilizamos cookies esenciales y funcionales. Sin análisis, sin seguimiento.","Suiza tiene cuatro lenguas nacionales, y estos datos existen en varias de ellas. Algunos registros están en varias lenguas, otros en una sola. Puede elegir en qué idioma se muestra el contenido; cuando su elección no está disponible para un registro, se utilizan las demás lenguas en un orden de prioridad fijo. Esto es independiente del idioma de la interfaz. Configúrelo en Ajustes › Idioma del contenido (arriba a la derecha).","Esta página también está disponible en español.","Ver en español","No volver a mostrar","Utilizziamo solo cookie essenziali e funzionali. Nessuna analisi, nessun tracciamento.","La Svizzera ha quattro lingue nazionali e questi dati esistono in diverse di esse. Alcune voci sono in più lingue, altre in una sola. Puoi scegliere in quale lingua mostrare i contenuti; se la tua scelta non è disponibile per una voce, vengono usate le altre lingue secondo un ordine di priorità prestabilito. Questo è indipendente dalla lingua dell'interfaccia. Impostabile in Impostazioni › Lingua del contenuto (in alto a destra).","Questa pagina è disponibile anche in italiano.","Vedi in italiano","Non mostrare più","Nous utilisons uniquement des cookies essentiels et fonctionnels. Aucune analyse, aucun suivi.","La Suisse a quatre langues nationales, et ces données existent dans plusieurs d'entre elles. Certaines entrées sont en plusieurs langues, d'autres dans une seule. Vous pouvez choisir la langue d'affichage du contenu ; si votre choix n'est pas disponible pour une entrée, les autres langues sont utilisées selon un ordre de priorité défini. Ceci est indépendant de la langue de l'interface. Réglable dans Paramètres › Langue du contenu (en haut à droite).","Cette page est aussi disponible en français.","Voir en français","Ne plus afficher","Wir verwenden nur essenzielle, funktionale Cookies. Keine Analyse, kein Tracking.","Die Schweiz hat vier Landessprachen, und diese Daten liegen in mehreren davon vor. Manche Einträge sind mehrsprachig, andere nur in einer Sprache. Sie können wählen, in welcher Sprache die Inhalte angezeigt werden; ist Ihre Wahl für einen Eintrag nicht verfügbar, werden die übrigen Sprachen in einer festen Prioritätsreihenfolge verwendet. Dies ist unabhängig von der Oberflächensprache. Einstellbar unter Einstellungen › Inhaltssprache (oben rechts).","Diese Seite ist auch auf Deutsch verfügbar.","Auf Deutsch anzeigen","Nicht mehr anzeigen","We use only essential, functional cookies. No analytics, no tracking.","Switzerland has four national languages, and this data comes in several of them. Some records are in multiple languages, some in only one. You can choose which language the content is shown in; when your choice isn't available for a record, the remaining languages are used in a set priority order. This is independent of the interface language. Set it under Settings › Content language (top right).","This page is also available in English.","View in English","Don't show again","settings",{"_1783":1784,"_1785":1786,"_1787":1142,"_1788":1789,"_1790":1144,"_1791":1146,"_1792":1793,"_1794":1795,"_1796":1797,"_1798":1799,"_1800":1801,"_618":619,"_1802":1803,"_1804":1805,"_1806":1807,"_1808":1809,"_1810":1811},"nav",{"_1605":1729,"_1730":1731,"_1732":669,"_1733":1734,"_1735":1736,"_1615":1616,"_1617":1618,"_1619":1620,"_1621":1622,"_1607":315,"_71":509,"_1609":400,"_1608":465,"_75":325,"_1613":432,"_1610":355,"_82":345,"_1611":335,"_1612":365,"_1614":375,"_1737":1722,"_1738":1739,"_1583":1584,"_1740":1741,"_1585":1586,"_1742":1743,"_1744":1745,"_1746":1747,"_1748":1749,"_1750":1751,"_1752":1753,"_1754":1755,"_1756":1757,"_1758":1759,"_1760":1761,"_1762":1763,"_1764":1765,"_1766":1767,"_1768":1769,"_1770":1771,"_1772":1773,"_1774":1775,"_1776":1726,"_1777":1778,"_1779":1780,"_1781":1782},{"_1675":1676,"_1677":1678,"_1679":1680,"_1681":1682,"_1683":1684},{"_1721":1722,"_1723":1724,"_1725":1726,"_1727":1728},"project.title","Project","project.desc","Davart parlhub: tge ch'il portal è, respostas a dumondas frequentas, e co che las datas van ensemen.","experiments.title","Experiments","experiments.desc","Analisas experimentalas e demonstraziuns metodologicas sin parlhub, inclusiv la skalaziun Wordfish da parlaments a partir da lur discurs.","parlhub pagina da partenza","skip_to_content","Sursiglir al cuntegn principal","explore","start","Cumenzar qua","start_desc","Colliaziuns svletas a chombras, chantuns e vischnancas","project","project_desc","Il project en in tup d'egl","about_desc","Tge che parlhub è e tgi che stat davos","faq_desc","Respostas a dumondas frequentas","sustainability","Durabilitad","sustainability_desc","Co che parlhub vegn hostà e tge quai custa a la planeta","accessibility","Accessibladad","accessibility_desc","Tge che funcziuna, tge betg, e co annunziar ina barriera","traffic_stats","Statistica dal traffic","traffic_stats_desc","Tge parts da la pagina vegnan dumandadas, e da tgi","imprint","Impressum","imprint_desc","Tgi che gestiunescha parlhub, contact e licenzas","github","GitHub","github_desc","Il code da funtauna dal project sin GitHub","data_guide","Guida da las datas","data_guide_desc","Mintga tip da datas, declerà simplamain, cun exempels","data_map","Charta da las datas","data_map_desc","Co che las datas van ensemen, en in tup d'egl","methodology","Metodologia","methodology_desc","Co che mintga valur vegn calculada, cun colliaziuns tar il code","experiments","experiments_desc","Analisas experimentalas e descripziuns da la metodologia","wordfish","Skalaziun Wordfish","wordfish_desc","Plazzar commembers sin in ass tenor ils pleds da lur discurs","menu_label","Configuraziuns","appearance","Apparientscha","theme","theme_system","Sistem","theme_light","theme_dark","font_size","Grondezza da la scrittira","font_size_decrease","Empitschnir la scrittira","font_size_increase","Engrondir la scrittira","high_contrast","Cuntrast aut","grayscale","Stgalas da gris","interface_language","Interfatscha","content_language","Lingua dal cuntegn","content_language_auto","Automatic (suonda l'interfatscha)","content_language_note","Lingua da las datas mussadas (nums, titels, texts). Independenta da l'interfatscha; sche in record n'è betg disponibel, vegn duvrada la proxima lingua.","content_language_priority","Prioritad",{"_1787":1813,"_1792":1814,"_1815":225,"_1816":202,"_1817":202,"_1818":225,"_1819":-5},"system",100,"show_cookie_consent_message","ui_high_contrast","ui_grayscale","msg_lang_hint","content_lang"]