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1. Das Zollausschlussgebiet Samnaun ist historisch begründet: keine ganzjährig befahrbare Zufahrtsstrasse über Schweizer Gebiet, Wirtschaftsbeziehungen fast nur mit Österreich. Die historischen Gründe für diese Massnahme sind heute nicht mehr gegeben. Deshalb ist sie als Anachronismus aufzuheben.

2. Die zollfreien Güter in Samnaun erreichen ein sehr grosses Volumen. So wurden im Jahre 1992 rund 15 Millionen Liter Treibstoffe, 400 000 Liter Spirituosen und 25,2 Millionen Stück Zigaretten verkauft (Angaben der Bündner Regierung vom 27. Mai 1993). Diese Waren müssen per Lastwagen auf der langen, kurvenreichen und engen Strasse ins 1800 Meter hoch gelegene Samnaun geführt werden, damit sie von den Benzin-, Schnaps- und Tabaktouristen per Auto abgeholt werden können und auf der gleichen Strasse wieder zurückgeführt werden. Dies ist weder ökologisch noch wirtschaftlich sinnvoll.

3. Nach der Erhöhung des Treibstoffzolles im Frühjahr 1993 um 20 Rappen ist die Diskrepanz zwischen dem Benzinpreis in Samnaun und in der übrigen Schweiz noch grösser geworden. Damit nimmt der Benzintourismus weiter zu.

4. Im Sanierungsprogramm 1993 für den Bundeshaushalt schlägt das Eidgenössische Finanzdepartement die Aufhebung der Zollrückerstattung für die Land- und Forstwirtschaft sowie für SBB, PTT und Bundesstellen vor. Es gibt keinen Grund, dieses Privileg einer einzigen Gemeinde in der Schweiz zuzugestehen.

5. Das einzige stichhaltige Argument, welches gegen die Aufhebung des Zollausschlussgebietes Samnaun spricht, ist das Weiterbestehen eines zweiten Zollausschlussgebietes in der Region: Livigno (Italien). Würde allein das Zollausschlussgebiet von Samnaun aufgehoben, gäbe es nur eine Umlagerung des Zollfreitourismus von Samnaun nach Livigno. Die Zufahrtswege nach Livigno führen zu einem Teil ebenfalls durch die Schweiz (Puschlav, Engadin). Das Problem lässt sich also durch eine einseitige Aufhebung eines Zollausschlussgebietes nicht lösen. Deshalb sind zunächst Verhandlungen mit Italien aufzunehmen, damit ein koordiniertes Vorgehen möglich ist.

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Der Bundesrat wird eingeladen,

- mit den zuständigen italienischen Behörden Verhandlungen aufzunehmen mit dem Ziel, gleichzeitig die Zollausschlussgebiete Livigno (Italien) und Samnaun (Schweiz) aufzuheben;

- den eidgenössischen Räten nach erfolgreichem Abschluss dieser Verhandlungen eine Vorlage zur Revision des Zollgesetzes (Streichung von Art. 2 Abs. 2) zu unterbreiten, damit das Zollausschlussgebiet Samnaun aufgehoben werden kann.

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Die politische Landesgrenze der Schweiz und die schweizerische Zollgrenze verlaufen grundsätzlich identisch. Mit Rücksicht auf ihre Lage können schweizerische Grenzgebiete oder Grenzliegenschaften vom schweizerischen Zollgebiet ausgeschlossen werden. In einem Zollausschlussgebiet liegen die Talschaften Samnaun und Sampuoir. Samnaun besteht aus den Gemeindefraktionen Compatsch, Laret, Plan, Ravaisch und Samnaun. Das angrenzende Val Sampuoir, in dem vor allem Landwirtschaft betrieben wird, gehört zur Unterengadiner Gemeinde Tschlin. Die geographische und wirtschaftliche Situation dieses Landesteils und die schlechten Wegverbindungen zum Unterengadin bewogen den Bundesrat am 29. April 1892 bzw. am 15. Juni 1892, die Talschaft Samnaun bzw. das angrenzende Val Sampuoir aus der schweizerischen Zollinie auszuschliessen.

In den nachfolgenden Jahren haben die Bundesbehörden mit weiteren Massnahmen den Weg geebnet, um die besonderen Standortnachteile dieses Landesteils abzubauen: Anschluss an das inländische Strassennetz (1912), Gewährung von Zollbefreiungen oder Zollvergünstigungen, kriegswirtschaftliche Massnahmen usw. Die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung, namentlich des Samnauntals, gedieh dadurch erfreulich. Die geschaffene Situation zeigte bald aber auch gewichtige Nachteile, so dass die Bundesbehörden in den Nachkriegsjahren die Aufhebung des Zollstatuts ernstlich in Betracht zogen.

Die Entwicklung im Zollausschlussgebiet Samnaun wurde auch in der Öffentlichkeit immer wieder erörtert. 1975 erwähnte Nationalrat Grolimund (Postulat vom 17. Juni 1975; AB 1975 N 1472) die ständige Zunahme des Automobilverkehrs nach dem Samnauntal und bat den Bundesrat um einen Bericht \"über die Zollausfälle und über die Möglichkeit einer Aufhebung des Ausnahmestatuts\". Der Bundesrat plädierte indes für das weitere Beibehalten des Zollfreistatuts, bis die touristische Entwicklung die wirtschaftliche Unabhängigkeit der Talschaft ohne diese Begünstigung gewährleiste (BBl 1976 I 1241ff.). In seiner Antwort auf die Interpellation Diener (12. Juni 1989) liess der Bundesrat die Frage offen, ob die Geltung des vorgesehenen Mineralölsteuergesetzes auf das Zollausschlussgebiet ausgedehnt werden sollte. 1993 verwies die Regierung des Kantons Graubünden bei der Behandlung der Interpellation Weber im Grossen Rat auf die vom Motionär erwähnten Jahresumsätze und die laut Gemeinderechnung von Samnaun 1991 erzielte Sondergewerbesteuer von rund 2,6 Millionen Franken. Die Regierung hielt fest, dass die Gemeinde Samnaun als Folge des Zollausschlusses heute der Finanzkraftgruppe 1 angehöre und aus dem kantonalen Finanzausgleich habe entlassen werden können. Sie sehe sich daher nicht veranlasst, beim Bund die Aufhebung des Zollausschlussstatuts zu verlangen, zumal die wirtschaftlichen Folgen für die Gemeinde schwerwiegend wären, der Kanton zusätzlich belastet und die Umweltproblematik wegen des nahe gelegenen Livigno kaum gelöst würde.

Der Motionär verlangt, dass der Bundesrat mit den zuständigen italienischen Behörden Verhandlungen aufnimmt mit dem Ziel, die Zollausschlussgebiete Samnaun und Livigno (Italien) gleichzeitig aufzuheben. Das südlich des Nationalparks gelegene Livignotal ist von Italien 1910 zum Zollausschlussgebiet erklärt worden. Es ist von Italien her über den Passo die Foscagno (im Winter geschlossen) und von der Schweiz aus über die Zollämter La Drossa und La Motta (im Winter ebenfalls geschlossen) erreichbar. Die Bevölkerung des Livignotals lebt vorwiegend vom Winter- und Einkaufstourismus (Benzin, Alkohol, Tabak- und Parfümeriewaren). Die Gemeindeeinnahmen aus der Sondergewerbesteuer betragen jährlich rund 4 Millionen Franken. Der Sonderstatus von Livigno ist seinerzeit von der EWG ausdrücklich anerkannt worden. 1991 befasste sich die Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften erneut mit Zollausschlussgebieten. Bezüglich Livigno hielt sie fest: \".... und die Verbindungen zwischen Livigno und der Schweiz sind bedeutsam und problemlos. Aus historischen und geographischen Gründen hat die Gemeinschaft der besonderen Lage dieser Gebiete Rechnung getragen, indem sie sie aus dem Zollgebiet der Gemeinschaft sowie in bezug auf die 6. Richtlinie des Rates zur Schaffung eines gemeinsamen Mehrwertsteuersystems aus dem italienischen Hoheitsgebiet ausgeschlossen hat. Die Kommission sieht gegenwärtig keinerlei Anlass zu einer Änderung des Status dieser Gebiete als Exklaven.\" (Amtsblatt der Europäischen Gemeinschaften, C 195, 25.7.1991, S. 26 f.) In der Berichterstattung des Rechnungshofes vom 27. Dezember 1993 wird an dieser Meinung festgehalten (ABl. C. 347/1, Ziff. 3.22).

Bilaterale Verhandlungen zwischen der Schweiz und Italien dürften somit in nützlicher Frist nicht zu dem vom Motionär gewünschten Ziel führen. Der Bundesrat ist zwar durchaus bereit zu prüfen, ob und inwieweit die Aufhebung des Zollausschlusses für die Talschaften verträglich ausfallen könnte und ob Verhandlungen mit Italien oder der EU zu führen sind. Er verkennt auch nicht, dass die Bevölkerung im Zollausschlussgebiet einesteils das Privileg geniesst, dass sie für aus dem Ausland bezogene Waren weder Zölle noch andere Abgaben zu entrichten hat, und andernteils für einen beträchtlichen Teil ihrer ins schweizerische Zollinland eingeführten Erzeugnisse Zollvergünstigungen geniesst und dass damit Verkehrsbewegungen in einem Ausmass verbunden sind, die den Bemühungen im Bereiche Umweltschutz zuwiderlaufen. Der Bundesrat ist sich auch bewusst, dass er ähnliche Begehren um Zollausnahmeregelungen von anderen Landesteilen bisher immer abgelehnt hat.

Die Frage der Aufhebung des Zollausschlussstatuts stellt sich nicht zuletzt auch im Hinblick auf den Erlass neuer Sonderverbrauchssteuern (z. B. Mineralölsteuer, Automobilsteuer, CO2-Abgabe), deren Erhebung im Zollausschlussgebiet erwogen wird. Artikel 2 des Zollgesetzes gibt dem Bundesrat die Kompetenz, Zollausschlussgebiete vorzusehen oder aufzuheben. Würde der Bundesrat seine Beschlüsse über das Zollausschlussgebiet Samnaun/Sampuoir aufheben und diesen Landesteil wieder ins schweizerische Zollgebiet einschliessen, wäre für die künftige Gesetzgebung Klarheit geschaffen. Ein solcher Schritt stellte für die Talschaften aber zweifellos die radikalste Massnahme dar, wogegen das erlassweise Einführen von Sonderverbrauchssteuern, welches ohne Aufheben des Zollausschlusses erfolgen könnte, lediglich einem schrittweisen Abbau des Zollfreistatuts gleichkäme.

In den bisherigen Kontakten mit der Bündner Regierung und kommunalen Behörden und Stellen der Talschaften haben die Bundesbehörden stets darauf hingewiesen, die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung des Zollausschlussgebietes müsse auf eine Zeit ohne Sonderstatus ausgerichtet werden. Mit diversen Massnahmen (Revision der Ortsplanung, Schaffung günstiger Rahmenbedingungen für die Landwirtschaft, Förderung des Winter- und Sommertourismus, Erstellen benötigter Infrastrukturanlagen usw.) sind Behörden und Bevölkerung vom Samnaun diesen Forderungen auch nachgekommen und haben sich auf den Abbau des Sonderstatus vorbereitet. Im November 1988 beschloss die Gemeindeversammlung Samnaun zudem, ein Gutachten über die Auswirkungen des Zollfreistatuts für Samnaun, insbesondere die Auswirkungen eines EG-Binnenmarktes auf den Zollausschluss, in Auftrag zu geben. Die Forschungsstelle für empirische Wirtschaftsforschung (FEW), St. Gallen, kam 1990 zum Ergebnis, dass ein EG-Binnenmarkt die Zollfreizone Samnaun nicht grundlegend beeinflussen würde, dass sich die positiven und negativen EG-Effekte ausgleichen dürften. Als Strategie wurden die Fortführung der bisherigen Qualitätspolitik der Gemeinde, die vermehrte Förderung des Sommertourismus und die breitere Diversifikation im Warenangebot vorgeschlagen. Nicht explizit untersucht wurde, welche Folgen ein Aufheben des Zollfreistatuts oder das Erheben von Sonderverbrauchssteuern ohne Einführung des EG-Binnenmarktes hätte.

Im Entwurf für ein Mineralölsteuergesetz wurde die Einführung der Mineralölsteuer im Zollausschlussgebiet bereits behandelt. Der Gesetzentwurf wurde in zwei Varianten erarbeitet und in die Vernehmlassung geschickt. Im Erläuterungsbericht wurde darauf hingewiesen, dass, nachdem die Gründe für die Privilegierung von Samnaun/Sampuoir weggefallen sind, der Sonderstatus mit dem Grundsatz der Rechtsgleichheit (Art. 4 BV) nicht mehr in Einklang zu bringen ist. Die bis zum Ablauf der Vernehmlassungsfrist eingegangenen Antworten zeigen eine breite Zustimmung für die Abschaffung des Sonderstatus. Es ist vorgesehen, die Frage der Aufhebung des Zollausschlusses bzw. der Einführung von Sonderverbrauchssteuern in Samnaun anlässlich der parlamentarischen Beratung des Mineralölsteuergesetzes zur Behandlung zu bringen. In diesem Sinne ist der Bundesrat bereit, die Motion als Postulat entgegenzunehmen.

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partida e fracziun.","chart_export","Exportar","chart_export_title","Exportar il diagram","chart_export_failed","Export betg reussì.","chart_exporting","Exportar…","chart_download","Telechargiar","chart_close","chart_fullscreen","chart_title","chart_title_ph","Titel opziunal","chart_subtitle","Suttitel","chart_subtitle_ph","Suttitel opziunal","chart_colors","Colurs & etichettas","chart_color_for","Colur per","chart_label_for","Etichetta per","chart_reset","chart_order","chart_output","Output","chart_format","chart_theme","Design","chart_theme_light","Cler","chart_theme_dark","Stgir","chart_size","Grondezza","chart_options","Opziuns","chart_show_legend","Mussar la legenda","chart_transparent","Fund transparent","chart_interactive","Interactiv","chart_credits","Indicaziun da la funtauna","voting_chart_no_votes","voting_chart_seats","sezs","voting_chart_no_seatmap","Naginas datas dals sezs disponiblas.","voting_chart_col_person","Persuna","voting_chart_col_party","voting_chart_col_group","voting_chart_col_vote","voting_chart_by_party","Vusch tenor partida","voting_chart_by_party_seats","Sezs tenor partida","voting_chart_colour_by","Colurar ils sezs tenor","voting_chart_majority","Maioritad","voting_chart_edit","Modifitgar & exportar","voting_chart_seat_note","Las posiziuns dals sezs èn illustrativas, betg la disposiziun reala da la chombra. Avra l'editur per reorganisar las colurs, las etichettas e la successiun, ed exportar.","speeches_title","speeches_loading","speech_person","Uratur","speech_body","Instituziun","speech_affair","speech_meeting","groups_title","no_groups","Naginas gruppas chattadas.","group_untitled","Gruppa senza titel","section_meetings","no_meetings","Naginas sesidas registradas.","view_all_meetings","Mussar tuttas sesidas","meetings_title","meeting_untitled","meeting_upcoming","Vegnenta","facet_time","Cura","facet_upcoming","facet_past","Passada","group_abbreviation","Scursanida","group_description","Descripziun","group_official_record","Pagina uffiziala","group_contact","member_unknown","section_votings","interests_title","interest_details","Detagls","interest_person","Declarà da","interest_body","Gremi concedent","interest_role","interest_type","interest_group","interest_place","Lieu","interest_period","Perioda","meeting_details","meeting_type","meeting_state","meeting_number","meeting_location","meeting_period","meeting_group","meeting_body","group_type","description","controls_search_placeholder_meetings","Tschertgar sesidas …","controls_search_hint_meetings","Num, lieu u descripziun","section_agendas","no_agendas","Naginas tractandas.","view_all_agendas","Mussar tuttas tractandas","agenda_untitled","speech_speaker_unknown","video","doc_untitled","Document","doc_body","doc_affair","doc_meeting","doc_agenda","section_contributors","Contribuents","no_contributors","Nagins contribuents.","view_all_contributors","Mussar tut ils contribuents","sort_number","topics_title","Ils pleds ils pli duvrads","topics_intro","Ils pleds che questa persuna dovra il pli savens en ses discurs, senza ils pleds da farsa frequents. La grondezza da la plattina mussa quant savens in pled vegn duvrà.","topics_all_time","Total il temp","topics_last_4y","Ils davos 4 onns","topics_last_8y","Ils davos 8 onns","topics_from","topics_to","topics_speeches","discurs","topics_words","pleds (filtrads)","topics_distinct","pleds distincts","topics_uses","utilisaziuns","topics_alt","Charta d'arber dals {count} pleds ils pli duvrads, la grondezza tenor la frequenza. {ctx}","topics_table_alt","Tabella dals {count} pleds ils pli duvrads e quant savens mintgin vegn duvrà. {ctx}","topics_table_toggle","Mussar sco tabella","topics_table_word","Pled","topics_empty","Nagins discurs cun text utilisabel en questa perioda. Emprova d'engrondir il rom.","loyalty_title","Fidaivladad da fracziun","loyalty_subtitle","Part da las vuschs ch'in commember dat cunter la lingia da maioritad da sia fracziun (pli aut = pli independent). Las abstenziuns valan sco posiziun.","loyalty_axis","Quota da divergenza: part da las vuschs cunter la atgna fracziun","loyalty_dissent","divergenza","loyalty_ballots","vuschs","loyalty_empty","Naginas vuschs en questa perioda cumplenischan las valurs limita per in punctual da fidaivladad. Engrondescha il rom.","loyalty_chart_alt","Diagram da svarm d'avieuls da la quota da divergenza da {count} commembers, in punct per commember, colurà tenor partida. {ctx}","loyalty_table_alt","Tabella da {count} commembers cun lur vuschs, divergenzas e quota da divergenza. {ctx}","loyalty_col_member","loyalty_col_party","loyalty_col_group","loyalty_col_ballots","loyalty_col_dissents","Cunter","loyalty_col_rate","Divergenza","loyalty_from","loyalty_to","loyalty_scale","Scala","loyalty_scale_log","Log","loyalty_scale_linear","Linear","loyalty_filters","Filters","cohesion_title","Coesiun da la fracziun","cohesion_hint","index d'accordanza mesaun (1 = unanim)","section_alignment","Proximitad da votaziun","no_alignment","Betg avunda vuschs cuminaivlas per cumparegliar.","view_all_alignment","Mussar la proximitad da votaziun cumpletta","alignment_agreed_of_shared","concordant en {agreed} da {shared} vuschs cuminaivlas","sort_agreement","Accordanza","sort_shared","Vuschs cuminaivlas","facet_min_shared","Min. cuminaivlas","min_shared_10","≥ 10","min_shared_20","≥ 20","min_shared_50","≥ 50","min_shared_100","≥ 100","section_body_alignment","body_alignment_subtitle","Co ils commembers da questa chombra votan in relaziun a l'auter, sin basa da las vuschs ch'els han cuminaivel. Sin la charta sesan commembers che votan a moda sumeglianta datiers in a l'auter, ed adversaris dalunga. Las colurs represchentan las partidas, uschè che blocs e coaliziuns cumparan sco cluster. La grilia mussa l'accordanza media tranter mintga pèr da partidas (la diagonala è la coesiun interna da mintga partida).","alignment_from","alignment_to","alignment_view","Vista","alignment_view_scatter","Charta","alignment_view_heatmap","Grilia da las partidas","alignment_empty","Betg avunda vuschs en quest rom per construir il model.","alignment_window_note","Il pli expressiv entaifer ina suletta perioda legislativa: il model cumpareglia ils commembers sin basa da las vuschs ch'els han cuminaivel. Sche'l rom cumpiglia in'elecziun u ina midada da cumposiziun, sa cuvran commembers cun mandats differents apaina, e las posiziuns daventan main cumparegliablas.","alignment_no_parties","Naginas partidas da cumparegliar en quest rom.","alignment_scatter_alt","Diagram da dispersiun da {count} commembers, plazzads tenor la sumeglientscha da lur vuschs, colurà tenor partida. {ctx}","alignment_pairs","pèrs","alignment_heatmap_note","Mintga cella è l'accordanza media tranter ils commembers da las duas partidas (diagonala = coesiun interna d'ina partida). ± è il rom da confidenza da 95% e n il dumber dals pèrs da commembers che stattan davos. In pitschen rom sur blers pèrs munta che la proximitad è bain fundada; in rom vast munta be in indizi.","alignment_heatmap_alt","Grilia da l'accordanza media da votar tranter {count} partidas. {ctx}","alignment_members_heading","Commembers","alignment_members_table_alt","Tabella da {count} commembers cun lur accordanza cun la chombra e cun la atgna partida. {ctx}","alignment_col_member","alignment_col_party","alignment_col_votes","alignment_col_chamber","Proxim a la chombra","alignment_col_party_align","Entaifer la partida","alignment_zoom_in","Zoom en","alignment_zoom_out","Zoom or","alignment_zoom_reset","Reponer il zoom","alignment_filters","section_lobby","Rait da lobby","lobby_subtitle","Las organisaziuns ch'ils commembers da questa chombra declaran en lur register d'interess, e nua che questas colliaziuns sa cruschan. En la rait èn ils commembers punct (colurads tenor partida) e las organisaziuns che dus u dapli commembers dividan èn quaders. Commembers che dividan las medemas organisaziuns sa tiran ensemen. La partiziun mussa quantas mandats èn pajads u nunpajads, e tgi che ha ils pli blers.","lobby_empty","Nagins interess declarads per questa chombra en quest rom.","lobby_no_shared","Naginas organisaziuns vegnan dividas da dus u dapli commembers qua. Vesair la partiziun.","lobby_network_alt","Grafic da rait cun {members} commembers e las {orgs} organisaziuns ch'els dividan, colliads tras interess declarads. {ctx}","lobby_mandates","mandats","lobby_members_tied","commembers","lobby_unknown","Nunenconuschent","lobby_org_node","Organisaziun","lobby_payment_heading","Mandats pajads vs. nunpajads","lobby_top_orgs","Organisaziuns las pli dividas","lobby_top_members","Commembers tenor mandats","discussion_title","Profils da discurs","discussion_intro","Nua ch'ils commembers sesan sin in ax latent, derivà sulettamain dals pleds ch'els dovran en lur discurs (scalaziun Wordfish).","discussion_calculating","Scalar ils discurs…","lobby_calculating","Calcular la rait da lobby…","discussion_error","La scalaziun dals discurs n'ha betg pudì vegnir calculada.","discussion_converged","Il model ha convergì","discussion_not_converged","Il model n'ha betg cumplettamain convergì. Legia las posiziuns cun spezial precauziun.","discussion_members_scored","Commembers valitads","discussion_vocab","Vocabulari","discussion_window","Fanestra da temp","discussion_show_all","discussion_show_reliable","Mo ils fidads","discussion_methodology","Co quai vegn calculà","discussion_range_label","Rom da temp","discussion_range_1y","1 onn","discussion_range_2y","2 onns","discussion_range_4y","4 onns","discussion_range_8y","8 onns","discussion_plot_alt","Diagram da svarm d'avieuls da {count} commembers plazzads lung in ax da la tscherna dals pleds, in punct per commember. {ctx}","discussion_plot_caption","Mintga punct è in commember, plazzà tenor ils pleds ch'el dovra en ses discurs. Commembers che dovran ils medems pleds caracteristics sesan datiers in a l'auter; commembers che discurran fitg differentamain sesan dalunga. La posiziun d'in commember na vegn pia betg attribuida da nus; ella resulta da co el discurra propi. Per exempel: tgi che di adina «taglia», «budget» e «expensas» stat dalunga da tgi che di surtut «asil», «cunfin» ed «integraziun». Passa cun il mieus sur in punct per ils detagls. Puncts emplenids han avunda text da discurs per ina plazzada fidada; roncs vids han discurrì memia pauc, lur posiziun è da leger cun precauziun.","discussion_empty","Nagins discurs èn disponibels per quest parlament, uschè ch'ils commembers na pon betg vegnir plazzads sin l'ax. Questa scalaziun legia ils pleds ch'ils commembers discurran propi, e'l set da datas cuntegna protocols da discurs mo per pauc parlaments: las chombras federalas ed intgins chantuns sco Berna, Basilea-Citad u Son Gagl. Ti pos er empruvar in rom da temp pli lung survart.","discussion_empty_sparse","I dat memia pauc text da protocol da discurs per quest parlament per plazzar ses commembers sin l'ax. Emprova in rom da temp pli lung survart.","discussion_pole_a","In pol","discussion_pole_b","Auter pol","discussion_col_party","discussion_key_filled","Avunda text (fidà)","discussion_key_ring","Sut la limita da pleds (pauca segirezza)","discussion_align_title","Suonda l'ax la partida?","discussion_align_hint","Quant da la dispersiun da las posiziuns vegn declerà tras l'appartegnientscha a la partida (η²): 100% = las partidas èn perfetgamain separadas, ~0% = la partida na di nagut.","discussion_align_strong","las partidas èn cleramain separadas","discussion_align_moderate","las partidas èn per part separadas","discussion_align_weak","la partida declera l'ax apaina","discussion_poles_title","Da tge ch'è fatg l'ax","discussion_poles_hint","Ils pleds che tiran ils commembers il pli ferm vers mintga pol. L'ax munta insatge pir cur che ti legias quels. Sia direcziun è arbitrara.","discussion_no_party","Nagina partida","discussion_col_name","discussion_col_position","Posiziun","discussion_col_words","Pleds","discussion_col_speeches","discussion_low_confidence","pauca segirezza","discussion_table_title","discussion_table_alt","Tabella da {count} commembers cun lur posiziun sin l'ax da la tscherna dals pleds. {ctx}","discussion_read_title","Co leger quai","discussion_read_direction","La direcziun da l'ax è arbitrara: Wordfish chatta la separaziun, betg tge vart ch'è «sanester» u «dretg». Legia ils pols dals pleds per vesair tge che mintga vart munta.","discussion_read_uncertainty","Las posiziuns èn standardisadas, la dispersiun è pia ina convenziun, betg ina distanza reala. Bars d'errur pli vasts (e puncts vids) muntan main segirezza, na surinterpretescha pia betg quels commembers.","discussion_read_confound","Il stil da discurs reflectescha la rolla uschè bain sco l'ideologia: presidents da cumissiun, ministers ed uraturs frequents pon arrivar sin in pol pervia da quai ch'els fan, betg mo pervia da quai ch'els crain.","organizations_title","organizations_none","Naginas organisaziuns.","org_members","org_mandates","org_bodies","gremis","org_members_heading","org_members_table_alt","Tabella da {count} commembers cun lur partida, gremi, rolla, pajament e perioda. {ctx}","org_no_members","Nagins commembers.","org_col_member","org_col_party","org_col_body","org_col_role","org_col_payment","Pajament","org_col_period","sort_members","sort_mandates","Mandats","interest_unknown","lobby_panel_person","Organisaziuns declaradas","lobby_panel_org","Commembers cun quest mandat","lobby_table_heading","Tgi è collià cun tge","lobby_table_explain","La matrix cumpletta marchescha mintga commember cunter mintga organisaziun dividida: in punct per colliaziun declarada, la vista cumpletta da tgi ch'è collià cun tge.","lobby_table_large","Per questa chombra è quai","lobby_table_cells","cellas","lobby_table_show","Mussar la tabella","lobby_table_alt","Tabella che marchescha mintgin dals {count} commembers cunter las {orgs} organisaziuns cun las qualas els èn colliads, in punct per colliaziun declarada. {ctx}","lobby_select_hint","Tscherna in commember u ina organisaziun per vesair sias colliaziuns.","lobby_filters","lobby_error","La rait da lobbying n'ha betg pudì vegnir calculada.","lobby_clear_selection","Annullar la selecziun","close","not_found_person","Persuna betg chattada","not_found_body","Parlament betg chattà","not_found_affair","Fatschenta betg chattada","not_found_group","Cumissiun u gruppa betg chattada","not_found_voting","Votaziun betg chattada","not_found_meeting","Sesida betg chattada","not_found_interest","Interess betg chattà","not_found_organization","Organisaziun betg chattada","not_found_text","Text betg chattà","not_found_doc","Document betg chattà","not_found_speech","Discurs betg chattà","not_found_hint","I na dat nagina endataziun cun l'ID {id}. Ella è forsa vegnida allontanada, u la colliaziun è surannada.","not_found_back","Enavos a la survista","about","Davart","faq","FAQ","section_title","section_title_bodies","section_title_affairs","section_title_votings","section_title_texts","section_title_docs","section_subtitle_search","section_subtitle_discussion",{"_1601":1602,"_1619":789,"_1620":1621,"_1622":1623,"_1624":975,"_1625":549,"_1606":351,"_79":553,"_1626":556,"_1608":684,"_1627":1628,"_1629":760,"_1630":311,"_75":321,"_1604":461,"_19":331,"_77":559,"_82":341,"_1631":1083,"_1632":1215,"_1633":1250,"_1634":1215,"_1635":1636,"_1637":1215,"_1638":1639,"_1640":549,"_1641":351,"_1642":1215,"_1643":1623,"_1644":553,"_1609":428,"_1645":361,"_1214":1215,"_1646":667,"_1227":1215,"_73":564,"_1647":1436,"_1648":1293,"_1649":1331,"_1650":1628,"_1651":1420,"_1610":371,"_1652":1412,"_1653":1215},"section_switcher",{"_1599":1600,"_1601":1602,"_1603":311,"_71":505,"_75":321,"_1604":461,"_1605":396,"_1606":351,"_82":341,"_1607":331,"_1608":361,"_1609":428,"_1610":371,"_1611":1612,"_1613":1614,"_1615":1616,"_1617":1618},"section_title_speeches","section_title_groups","section_title_interests","section_title_meetings","section_title_organizations","label_section","Secziun","home","Partenza","people","affairs","groups","speeches","documents","interests","meetings","organizations","group_parliament","Acturs","group_proceedings","Activitads","group_records","Actas","group_lobbying","Lobbying","search","eyebrow","Datas davart {{name}}","overview","Survista","personal_data","votes","memberships","access_badges","Lobby","images","members","texts_overview","text_details","docs_overview","doc_details","votings_overview","Votaziun","voting_details","voting_diagram","Diagram","voting_tally","speeches_overview","speech_details","groups_overview","contributions","interests_overview","meetings_overview","vocabulary","loyalty","alignment","lobby","discussion","organizations_overview","org_details",{"_1711":1712,"_1713":1714,"_1655":1715,"_262":1716},"intro",{"_1657":1658,"_1659":1660,"_1661":1662,"_1663":1664,"_1665":1666,"_1667":1668,"_1669":1670},"en",{"_1671":1706,"_1673":1707,"_1675":1708,"_1677":1709,"_1679":1710},"de",{"_1671":1701,"_1673":1702,"_1675":1703,"_1677":1704,"_1679":1705},"fr",{"_1671":1696,"_1673":1697,"_1675":1698,"_1677":1699,"_1679":1700},"it",{"_1671":1691,"_1673":1692,"_1675":1693,"_1677":1694,"_1679":1695},"es",{"_1671":1686,"_1673":1687,"_1675":1688,"_1677":1689,"_1679":1690},"pt",{"_1671":1681,"_1673":1682,"_1675":1683,"_1677":1684,"_1679":1685},"rm",{"_1671":1672,"_1673":1674,"_1675":1676,"_1677":1678,"_1679":1680},"cookie","Nus duvrain mo cookies essenzials e funcziunals. Nagina analitica, nagin tracking.","dataLang","La Svizra ha quatter linguas naziunalas, e questas datas datti en pliras da quellas. Intgins records èn plurilings, auters mo en ina lingua. Vus pudais tscherner en tge lingua ch'il cuntegn vegn mussà; sche vossa tscherna n'è betg disponibla per in record, vegnan duvradas las autras linguas en in urden da prioritad fix. Quai è independent da la lingua da l'interfatscha. As lascha reglar sut Configuraziuns › Lingua dal cuntegn (sura a dretga).","alt","Questa pagina è era disponibla per rumantsch.","switch","Mussar per rumantsch","dismiss","Betg pli mussar","Utilizamos apenas cookies essenciais e funcionais. Sem análises, sem rastreio.","A Suíça tem quatro línguas nacionais, e estes dados existem em várias delas. Alguns registos estão em várias línguas, outros apenas numa. Pode escolher em que idioma os conteúdos são apresentados; quando a sua escolha não está disponível para um registo, as restantes línguas são usadas por uma ordem de prioridade fixa. Isto é independente do idioma da interface. Configure em Definições › Idioma dos conteúdos (canto superior direito).","Esta página também está disponível em português.","Ver em português","Não mostrar novamente","Solo utilizamos cookies esenciales y funcionales. Sin análisis, sin seguimiento.","Suiza tiene cuatro lenguas nacionales, y estos datos existen en varias de ellas. Algunos registros están en varias lenguas, otros en una sola. Puede elegir en qué idioma se muestra el contenido; cuando su elección no está disponible para un registro, se utilizan las demás lenguas en un orden de prioridad fijo. Esto es independiente del idioma de la interfaz. Configúrelo en Ajustes › Idioma del contenido (arriba a la derecha).","Esta página también está disponible en español.","Ver en español","No volver a mostrar","Utilizziamo solo cookie essenziali e funzionali. Nessuna analisi, nessun tracciamento.","La Svizzera ha quattro lingue nazionali e questi dati esistono in diverse di esse. Alcune voci sono in più lingue, altre in una sola. Puoi scegliere in quale lingua mostrare i contenuti; se la tua scelta non è disponibile per una voce, vengono usate le altre lingue secondo un ordine di priorità prestabilito. Questo è indipendente dalla lingua dell'interfaccia. Impostabile in Impostazioni › Lingua del contenuto (in alto a destra).","Questa pagina è disponibile anche in italiano.","Vedi in italiano","Non mostrare più","Nous utilisons uniquement des cookies essentiels et fonctionnels. Aucune analyse, aucun suivi.","La Suisse a quatre langues nationales, et ces données existent dans plusieurs d'entre elles. Certaines entrées sont en plusieurs langues, d'autres dans une seule. Vous pouvez choisir la langue d'affichage du contenu ; si votre choix n'est pas disponible pour une entrée, les autres langues sont utilisées selon un ordre de priorité défini. Ceci est indépendant de la langue de l'interface. Réglable dans Paramètres › Langue du contenu (en haut à droite).","Cette page est aussi disponible en français.","Voir en français","Ne plus afficher","Wir verwenden nur essenzielle, funktionale Cookies. Keine Analyse, kein Tracking.","Die Schweiz hat vier Landessprachen, und diese Daten liegen in mehreren davon vor. Manche Einträge sind mehrsprachig, andere nur in einer Sprache. Sie können wählen, in welcher Sprache die Inhalte angezeigt werden; ist Ihre Wahl für einen Eintrag nicht verfügbar, werden die übrigen Sprachen in einer festen Prioritätsreihenfolge verwendet. Dies ist unabhängig von der Oberflächensprache. 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Set it under Settings › Content language (top right).","This page is also available in English.","View in English","Don't show again","settings",{"_1779":1780,"_1781":1782,"_1783":1138,"_1784":1785,"_1786":1140,"_1787":1142,"_1788":1789,"_1790":1791,"_1792":1793,"_1794":1795,"_1796":1797,"_614":615,"_1798":1799,"_1800":1801,"_1802":1803,"_1804":1805,"_1806":1807},"nav",{"_1601":1725,"_1726":1727,"_1728":665,"_1729":1730,"_1731":1732,"_1611":1612,"_1613":1614,"_1615":1616,"_1617":1618,"_1603":311,"_71":505,"_1605":396,"_1604":461,"_75":321,"_1609":428,"_1606":351,"_82":341,"_1607":331,"_1608":361,"_1610":371,"_1733":1718,"_1734":1735,"_1579":1580,"_1736":1737,"_1581":1582,"_1738":1739,"_1740":1741,"_1742":1743,"_1744":1745,"_1746":1747,"_1748":1749,"_1750":1751,"_1752":1753,"_1754":1755,"_1756":1757,"_1758":1759,"_1760":1761,"_1762":1763,"_1764":1765,"_1766":1767,"_1768":1769,"_1770":1771,"_1772":1722,"_1773":1774,"_1775":1776,"_1777":1778},{"_1671":1672,"_1673":1674,"_1675":1676,"_1677":1678,"_1679":1680},{"_1717":1718,"_1719":1720,"_1721":1722,"_1723":1724},"project.title","Project","project.desc","Davart parlhub: tge ch'il portal è, respostas a dumondas frequentas, e co che las datas van ensemen.","experiments.title","Experiments","experiments.desc","Analisas experimentalas e demonstraziuns metodologicas sin parlhub, inclusiv la skalaziun Wordfish da parlaments a partir da lur discurs.","parlhub pagina da partenza","skip_to_content","Sursiglir al cuntegn principal","explore","start","Cumenzar qua","start_desc","Colliaziuns svletas a chombras, chantuns e vischnancas","project","project_desc","Il project en in tup d'egl","about_desc","Tge che parlhub è e tgi che stat davos","faq_desc","Respostas a dumondas frequentas","sustainability","Durabilitad","sustainability_desc","Co che parlhub vegn hostà e tge quai custa a la planeta","accessibility","Accessibladad","accessibility_desc","Tge che funcziuna, tge betg, e co annunziar ina barriera","traffic_stats","Statistica dal traffic","traffic_stats_desc","Tge parts da la pagina vegnan dumandadas, e da tgi","imprint","Impressum","imprint_desc","Tgi che gestiunescha parlhub, contact e licenzas","github","GitHub","github_desc","Il code da funtauna dal project sin GitHub","data_guide","Guida da las datas","data_guide_desc","Mintga tip da datas, declerà simplamain, cun exempels","data_map","Charta da las datas","data_map_desc","Co che las datas van ensemen, en in tup d'egl","methodology","Metodologia","methodology_desc","Co che mintga valur vegn calculada, cun colliaziuns tar il code","experiments","experiments_desc","Analisas experimentalas e descripziuns da la metodologia","wordfish","Skalaziun Wordfish","wordfish_desc","Plazzar commembers sin in ass tenor ils pleds da lur discurs","menu_label","Configuraziuns","appearance","Apparientscha","theme","theme_system","Sistem","theme_light","theme_dark","font_size","Grondezza da la scrittira","font_size_decrease","Empitschnir la scrittira","font_size_increase","Engrondir la scrittira","high_contrast","Cuntrast aut","grayscale","Stgalas da gris","interface_language","Interfatscha","content_language","Lingua dal cuntegn","content_language_auto","Automatic (suonda l'interfatscha)","content_language_note","Lingua da las datas mussadas (nums, titels, texts). Independenta da l'interfatscha; sche in record n'è betg disponibel, vegn duvrada la proxima lingua.","content_language_priority","Prioritad",{"_1783":1809,"_1788":1810,"_1811":221,"_1812":201,"_1813":201,"_1814":221,"_1815":-5},"system",100,"show_cookie_consent_message","ui_high_contrast","ui_grayscale","msg_lang_hint","content_lang"]